Native Americans and Colonization Essay

Native Americans had inherited the land now called America and eventually their lives were destroyed due to European Colonization. When the Europeans arrived and settled, they changed the Native American way of life for the worst. These changes were caused by a number of factors including disease, loss of land, attempts to export religion, and laws, which violated Native American culture. Native Americans never came in contact with diseases that developed in the Old World because they were separated from Asia, Africa, and Europe when ocean levels rose following the end of the last Ice Age. Diseases like smallpox, measles, pneumonia, influenza, and malaria were unknown to the Native Americans until the Europeans brought these diseases over time to them. This triggered the largest population decline in all recorded history. Fifty percent of the Native American population had died of disease within twenty years. Soon after, Native Americans began to question their religion and doubted the ability of shaman to heal. This was the first step towards the destruction of Native cultures. The Native Americans had never experienced anything like these deadly diseases before and they came to believe that Europeans had the power to kill or give life. Many Native groups, because they were nomadic, didn’t see land as belonging to one person. The idea that someone could come in, claim a piece of land and ban them from it, caused many problems. They could no longer hunt or forage for food in places they had always done so. Fights over territories began to break out and groups who always had plenty of food, now barely had enough. Many Christian missionaries tried to force Native American people to abandon traditional religious beliefs and practices (Mayo, 33). Christian missionaries would sometimes launch attacks on Native American religious institutions when forcing them to convert to Christianity did not work. These harmful attacks destroyed not only their temples and religious artifacts, but also a huge part of their culture. Laws were introduced that protected the land and property the colonists had acquired, banned most of their religious ceremonies, and forced the children into the European educational system. The Europeans wanted to deny the Native Americans of their cultural identity, which eventually would end up wiping them out. Native Americans were deeply effected by colonization. It was extremely unfair of the Europeans to destroy Native American way of life. If the Native Americans had the weapons, like guns and disease, that the Europeans did, then maybe they could have fought for what was theirs. Europeans came to America and changed the Native Americans lives forever. This contact between the Native Americans and Europeans was called the Columbian Exchange. While both Native Americans and Europeans received advantages and disadvantages from the Columbian Exchange, Native Americans definitely suffered more while the Europeans were benefited more. It is not right that the Native Americans lived on American land all their lives and had the land as well as their culture taken away from them in a matter of only a few years. Mayo, Louise A. American Dreams and Reality: A Retelling of the American Story, Volume 1 Second Edition. Illinois: Abigail Press, 2000.

Mandigo Should Kids Play Tackle Football? Essay

Football is a contact sport; a fast-paced, hard-hitting game. It is the number one sports Americans love. The American football players in the NFL started off playing the sport they love at a young age. As of 2015, 1.23 million boys from the ages of six to twelve, played football as their sport. Most of America’s youth boys go into playing football with the mindset of excelling into the NFL. However, they should be aware of the dangerous repercussions that will follow while playing football. Every week thousands of men and boys across the country take part in football and every week these men and boys receive violent hits during the game. Frequently, because of these violent hits, the player receives a concussion. However, the long-term effects of concussions on players are not fully understood. New research shows that even a slight concussion in a football game can have lasting effects on a player. As a result of this research, children under the age of fourteen should not pl ay tackle football. There’s no question, football is the most popular spectator sport in the United States. Over one-third of the country tunes in for the Super Bowl. Despite the sport’s immense popularity, many parents are hesitant to let their children play it given the obvious injury risk. While there is a risk of injury — like any other sport — letting your child play football might not be as crazy as it sounds. Football at its core is not a soft sport, and contact is a pertinent aspect of the game. There is a literal and figurative lesson being taught: When you get knocked down, you must get back up. Football also teaches children to have fun; it’s a fun sport played by boys who also are there for fun. Yes, these facts are true. Football can be fun and it is indeed not a soft sport but that’s more reason why children shouldn’t play tackle football. It’s all fun and games until a ten-year-old boy receives a fatal concussion and can no longer pl ay football. Most of the deaths attributed to concussions from playing football are older boys and men. However, David Sumner a ten-year-old from Simi Valley, California died from head injuries sustained while playing football. He collapsed on the field and an autopsy later revealed he suffered an acute subdural hematoma. An acute subdural hematoma in football is rare, but it does happen. Children are more susceptible because of the size of their head and because their brain is still developing. Tackle football is dangerous and children are the most venerable to concussions received in the game. In recent years, a large quantity of research has been conducted on head injuries and concussions. Dr. Robert Cantu, the director of Boston University’s Center for the study of Traumatic Encephalopathy has been a leader in this research. He describes a concussion as, â€Å"shaking of the brain inside the skull that changes the alertness of the injured person†. A concussion can range from rel atively mild to very profound. Until recently there were very few guidelines to help players and coaches diagnose a concussion. In fact, a football player was encouraged to just shake it off and go back in the game. But with the new understanding of what happens to the brain when a player receives a concussion, a player must be removed from the game after sustaining a concussion. Concussions can seriously affect a football player’s health. Especially a child under the age of fourteen – their brain is still developing – can be the most dangerous thing for them. Football doesn’t just cause dangerous outcomes for the players but, it can cause the players to be dangerous. Take Ray Rice for instance. He was a beloved running back football player for the Baltimore Ravens. He had millions of fans going to games to watch him play against other teams. He was even soon to be married to his fiancà ©e Janay Palmer. Yet, everything came to a halt when he physically assaulted her in an elevator. Ray Rice beat his wife-to-be. It was disgusting, abhorrent, and unforgivable. NFL players suffer repeated blows to the head every Sunday. A star player like Rice will get tackled hundreds of times every year. And there is evidence to suggest that all those hits to the brain may increase the propensity to commit domestic violence. Brian O’Connor o f Futures Without Violence told Forbes Magazine, â€Å"NFL players are taught to be aggressive; they deal with all kinds of high-pressure stressors and triggers†, O’Connor pointed out, from a career that plays out on national TV to the possibility of getting cut from a team without a guaranteed salary. There’s no debate that football itself changes the brains of its players. The NFL has admitted to it. The sport’s head injuries have long-lasting consequences — and may even alter personalities in the short term. NFL players are about four times more likely to be arrested for domestic abuse than you’d expect, based on their overall arrest rates. Counting Ray Rice, more than two-dozen pro football players have been arrested for domestic abuse in the past five years alone (FiveThirtyEight.com). Children aspiring to reach the NFL, and those who do get into the NFL, are at a possibility to be domestically violent. Football is teaching children to be aggressive and not in a good way. The smallest thing could trigger them, like nagging, and it could cause them to physically lash out at someone. It’s better to prevent a child from being domestically violent now than being too late and they become like Ray Rice. Football is a great sport to watch, but not to play. Children under the age of fourteen should not play tackle football. Evidence has been shown that they are prone to get little to fatal concussions, and could become domestically violent if they still aspire to go into the NFL. The brain is still developing for children under the age of fourteen. Having them play football is dangerous for them. They could simply sprain their ankle or die at a young age. Or, even worse, get arrested at twenty-seven for beating their significant other in an elevator. Parents of children who want to play tackle football, take these factors into consideration. These factors will be the result of your child’s future if you let them play tackle football. Save your child from the dangerous repercussions of sport and do not let them play tackle football.

American Revolutionary War General Essay

The American Revolution was the course by which numerous American colonies became an autonomous nation. It involved novel ideas grounded on republicanism and needed success in a long battle with Britain. Following the fighting that raged for nearly a year, the United States declared independence in 1776, as an autonomous country and established a coalition with France that leveled the naval and military might of the two nations. The fundamental cause was the British government’s refusal to permit Americans voice their concerns in setting duties. During the pre-revolutionary period, some notable events such as the Braddock’s expedition influenced the revolutionary path. The Braddock’s expedition commenced in 1755 in Pennsylvania . Among the volunteers during the expedition was Daniel Morgan who is considered one of the most victorious field leaders during the American Revolution. The tales of this renowned patriot and the regiments that operated under his command in the Boston siege, assault of Quebec, the obliteration of Burgoyne’s forces at Saratoga as well as his devastating conquer of Banastre Tarleton cannot be forgotten. Not much is known concerning the Daniel Morgan’s early life. It is generally thought that he was born in New Jersey in the year 1736 . His early life was signified by a rough frontiersmen outlook. He left original home when he was a child and established in Winchester, Virginia. Morgan was remarkably strong and a tireless, hardworking worker. He started by employing himself out but within a very short period of time earned sufficient confidence from his boss to be in charge of the boss’s sawmill. Although Morgan would sink into debts severally, he managed to save sufficient money to establish an autonomous wagon. Generally, Morgan was a prosperous captain, militia, farmer and a respectable citizen. When in 1775, the Continental Congress sanctioned the recruitment of two firms of Virginia riflemen, Morgan was the unchallenged choice from his Virginia County to recruit and head one of them. Early Career Daniel Morgan had an unconquerable spirit together with rapid wit made him a favorite amongst the people and before long most of the colleagues from Berryville and Winchester looked upon him as their leader . An agitated and high-spirited individual, he abandoned home in his early teens and established in Virginia. The muscular man was repeatedly in problems with the laws for affraying in taverns and failing to pay card debts and liquor. As a trucker, he accompanied the unfortunate Braddock’s expedition. His career started his career by working as a planter but was later given a job to work as a trucker for a wagon. Within a period of six months, Daniel had saved sufficient cash to purchase own team and cart and became a trucker under his own management on the Great Wagon Road . This road started in Philadelphia, traversing via Lancaster, shifted southward to Maryland, Frederick, traversed through Winchester, crossed the middle and eastern sections of Virginia Valley ending up in North Carolina. Morgan’s first hand experience of North Carolina and southwest Virginia added to his eye-catching defeat of Tarleton and the following idiotic tactics of Cornwallis to arrest him resulting to the British conquer at Yorktown as the American Revolution ended . Braddock’s Expedition The war of Monongahela commenced in 1755, near the location of contemporary-day Braddock, Pennsylvania. After it ended, over five hundred British forces lay dead and approximately five hundred were wounded . Only three hundred managed to escape the menace uninjured including George Washington . Edward Braddock, a British commander had been fatally wounded and succumbed to injuries several days later. Braddock’s men suffered badly from the initial stages of the war. The Tactics used by Indians were supremely appropriate for woodland battle. Battle between the French and British on the border implied additional work for Daniel who volunteered ferrying materials for the British forces. The rival assertions of England and France for the rich valleys southwest of Alleghenies had started to create slaughter. The French had already conquered the England fort located on the Allegheny Rivers and Monongahela and Washington had attempted to repossess it only to admit defeat at Great Meadows. Colonel Braddock was dispatched from Britain to conquer the tracts on the western side of the mountains. He brought a force comprising a collection of artillery and two regiments. There was need to procure transportation and Daniel volunteered his services. In addition to the regulars, Braddock also enjoyed the company of several men and camp followers. The forces were gathered at Cumberland pending the Braddock’s arrival. The aim was to proceed but the mission was delayed for several days while teams and wagons were found to carry the equipments and baggage. Once the regiment was in motion the journey was extremely slow. The roads were dominated by creeks and swamps and the terrains rough. Braddock made a decision to walk ahead with one thousand two hundred men and to abandon the artillery and baggage with Colonel Dunbar. Dunbar’s forces set camp at Great Meadows, the dawdlers started arriving with information concerning Braddock’s defeat. Fear and panic spread throughout the entire camp at the imagination that the enemy might attack. The following day most of the troops went back home together with most of the teams and wagons, abandoning the helpless and wounded. Due to the nature of Daniel’s work, he was among those in the wagon trains when Braddock’s forces were assaulted and nearly eliminated by an Indian and French alliance; instead of materials, Daniel found himself ferrying wounded soldiers . The condition on the Virginia frontier and Pennsylvania was ominous. The Braddock’s defeat left the border open for the murdering and robbing of the border populace. At a period when condition demanded all men to be available to safeguard the defenseless population, Dunbar and his troops left for Philadelphia. The Virginia’s administration met the condition with swiftness and energetically raised an extra force of sixteen firms under Washington to protect the frontier. Washington assigned forces at different places along the frontier. Morgan was assigned the responsibility of ferrying supplies along the defense lines. This was an extremely risky task as a trucker and was regularly exposed to serious dangers from the loitering foe. Morgan escaped death narrowly no several occasions. Experience with British Forces In the year 1756, Daniel experienced a dreadful disagreement with a lieutenant from Britain . The officer had been offended by something Daniel had articulated and after abusing him verbally; he hit him with the edge of his blade. Daniel’s instantaneous right cross hit the officer meaningless knocking him cold. The defiant act led to speedy military justice. The British laws were excessive on this form of crime and Daniel was accorded five hundred strokes, the harshest penalty possible. Such punishments were neither uncommon for the British forces nor was it unusual for men to pass away under the stroke. He obtained all of the punishment except one stroke. Daniel was too strong to pass away, but the familiarity left his body a piece of hamburger and bone . Once the wounds healed over, nonetheless, he acquired a priceless visual aid that proved important to him severally. It was articulated that the penalty would have murdered a slighter man. Until this period Daniel had not commanded anyone. He had helped Braddock and in return got wrongly trodden for his endeavors. The battle frenzied on and extended to the bottom of the blue hills. Fort Louden and Fort Cumberland were attacked by the foe standing just two hundred miles away from Daniel’s dwelling in Winchester. The militia was called to Fort Garrison and Daniel headed the forces towards the fort and commanded to for some period. Although none of his position is documented, it is widely assumed that he commanded the garrison. Shortly after his arrival, a body of Indians and French attacked Fort Edwards. Owing to Daniel’s leadership and bravery, the assault was halted. The battalion sallied forward and surpassed their enemies wounding and killing numerous Indians as the escaped in all directions. In 1758, General Forbes, the leader of the British battalion planned to assault Fort Duquesne; Daniel was suggested by leading officers of Virginia for the captaincy post. Governor Dinwiddie rejected the recommendation and only an ensign’s charge was obtainable. Daniel accepted the charge and was positioned at different forts beside the border in 1758 . Devastating Attack Daniel was dispatched from these forts with a company of two defense force . He was assaulted by a group of Indians and French. The defense forces were blasted and fell right away off the horsebacks. Daniel was stroke by a gunshot that pierced via his neck, scraping one part of his neck-bone, and then passing via the mouth . The gunshot removed all of Daniel’s teeth, but surprising enough didn’t harm the jawbone. In other words, Daniel’s head had been shot. Although wounded terribly, Daniel never fell from the horseback. The blood oozed effortlessly out of the gunshot wound and he was vulnerably weak, yet in such circumstances he was capable of keeping his feelings long enough to run away from additional harm. The horse he rode on panicked at first and froze, But Daniel seized her neck in an attempt to spurn her on . Incredibly, the horse curved and headed back to the fort. The Indians, assuming Daniel was fatally wounded, descended upon the defense forces searching for scalps. Daniel, also assuming he was just about to perish, speeded the horse to escape from his chasers to avoid mangling of his body. Daniel’s horse arrived at the fort when he was insensible. He remained in a critical condition for a long period of time, but with judicious treatment and good care, he recovered. Daniel later went back to Fredrick where his manly and bravery behavior had accorded him a high standing amongst his folks. Experience as a Lieutenant The Indian and French War ended and it seemed as if Daniel would get a chance to lead a nonviolent live. But following the peace treaty Pontiac’s battle broke out, an onslaught that destroyed the whole Western Frontier. Virginia reacted by recalling militia into active service to assist the existing battalion already stationed on the border. The forces were put under the authority of Colonel Stevens. Daniel was posted as a lieutenant in the regiment. In a crucial battle, the Indians were conquered and forced to implement a peace agreement without Daniel participating in the battle. The band of soldiers was disbanded and therefore ended the war. Leader of County Militia In 1771, the governor of Virginia, William nelson commissioned Daniel as Captain of Frederick County’s militia . This was a period of great extension on Virginia border, a development which disappointed Indian populace. Great carnages were happening in places such as Kentucky and Virginia’s populace feared that the trouble would spread to Virginia quickly. Their fears were confirmed and atrocities were committed by a band of settlers, instigating Dunmore’s War. Governor of Virginia, Lord Dunmore, was confident to deal with the issue himself. He commanded a big battalion from the northern region to be organized and four brigades of volunteers and militia to be arranged in the Southern regions. While staffing for these regiments was being executed, a defense force was recruited to position itself between the border and the settlements under McDonald command. It was under the command of McDonald that Daniel took the leadership. He recruited several men and proceeded to Wheeling in Virginia to link up with McDonald. Major McDonald was initially requested to assume a defensive location, but decided to launch offenses due to lack of arrangements with the Indians. Daniel’s forces rapidly pushed the Indians from their locations forcing them to retreat. An Experienced Fighter By the year 1775 Daniel was an assessed and country fighter. He was capable of fighting using Indians methods of fighting and was proficient in using Pennsylvania gun, a long, thin tool of great accuracy and range. Not amazingly, when the Congress commanded the recruitment of ten firms of border riflemen to work as light infantry, Daniel was selected as a captain. After the U. S revolutionary War started at the skirmish of Concord and Lexington, the Congress established the famous Continental Army. The Congress gathered and called for creation of rifle firms from colonies to assist the Boston Siege and General Washington was named the commander of the army. It permitted the recruitment of twenty thousand men into the army. Congress also required ten firms of riflemen to be called into service in Virginia, Maryland and Pennsylvania states. Among the companies provided by Virginia State, Daniel Morgan was chosen as the leader of one rifle firm by the commission of Frederick County through an undisputed vote . Daniel’s first significant assignment surfaced in 1775, when worked in Benedict Arnold’s voyage that attacked Canada . Exposed to the waist and sporting Indian breechlout and leggings, Morgan led the expedition. During the assault, he took momentary command Montogomery’s murder. He battled valiantly against the foe until ultimately overpowered by larger numbers and forced to surrender. Although Daniel spent eight months in an English detention prior to exchange, his notable achievements at Quebec gave him merited acknowledgment. He was endorsed for the post of colonel and provided with a special force of light infantry comprising five hundred selected backwoodsmen. Achievements during Revolution Saratoga War Daniels’ light forces had its best moments in the Saratoga battle of 1777, when he rushed to help the northern army, then refuting the southward campaign from Canada of General Burgoyne . Burgoyne had witnessed his forces repulsed at Bennington and Oswego and his weapons run precariously thin in New York. During the battle, American colonel Horatio permitted Burgoyne to exploit his supplies in unsuccessful probes. Morgan was used by Gates to annoy and delay the enemy. The rifleman, utilizing their woodland knowledge effectively killed many redcoats. Soon enclosed by Gate’s forces and bands of militiamen, Burgoyne surrendered at Saratoga. As other attacks in the south were being evaluated, Britain’s standing among the colonies was tarnished both militarily and politically with enemies as well as friends. Morgan went back to Washington’s forces with splendor and immediately joined army politics. He believed his achievements would earn him a larger command as well as promotion particularly because a novel light infantry was being formed. However, the Congress felt that Virginians fielded sufficient Generals and offered the authority to a Pennsylvanian, Anthony Wayne. Cowpens War After a long period of inactivity, Morgan chose to accomplish his stand at Cowpens after the American grounds brightened in the South with a novel leader, Nathanael Greene who dispatched him into South Carolina . Confident to eliminate Daniel before attacking the higher south, Cornwallis dispatched Tarleton to pursue him. Daniel’s assumed advantage of Tarleton’s behavior for rapid action and his disregard for the inexperienced militia and the accuracy and longer range of Virginia riflemen. The gunmen were located to the frontline while both the regulars and militia remained behind. The first units were required to withdraw upon being threatened thus provoking a premature attack. During the campaign, Morgan famed himself as a leader of troops who nevertheless sustained the ordinary touch and maintained their secret. Typical soldiers toiled harder and shoved themselves a little bit further when Daniel was supervising them. The approach achieved enormous results; as the English troops neared, the American troops reloaded their guns. When the enemy got close they fired in their faces. Within a very short time, Tarleton’s one thousand and seventy six men got wounded, one hundred and ten killed and eight hundred and thirty captured . Although Tarleton managed to escape, all his equipments and supplies were captured by the Americans. Daniel’s cunning strategy is widely viewed to be the strategic masterwork of the battle and the most effectively executed envelopment of contemporary military history . Conclusion Braddock’s conquer was indeed one of the drastic events of the period before American Revolution. It left population settlements in Virginia and Pennsylvania susceptible to Indian and French invasion. Braddock’s expedition also improved Daniel Morgan’s standing and assisted helped him to be the sensible choice for an officer of Riflemen units in the American Revolution. Finally, the expedition was a significant chapter to the long battle with the Indian forces for the administration of the western Pennsylvania and Ohio valley. Saratoga War was also a significant success, won when United States required success in the most awful way and played an integral role in influencing other governments such as French administration to formally join the battle to aid the besieged colonies. The coalition with France became pivotal in maintaining American Revolutionary military resistance and resolve Bibliography Cassell, Frank. The Braddock Expedition of 1755: Catastrophe in the Wilderness, n. d, < (29 July 2009) Cheaney, Janie. Daniel Morgan, 1998, < http://jrshelby. com/kimocowp/morgan. htm> (29 July 2009). Chapel, Hill. Daniel Morgan: Revolutionary Rifleman. North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press, 1979. Daily, Allen. History of the Descendants of David Morgan, 2000, (29 July 2009). Frassett, James. Revolutionary War, 2000, (29 July 2009) Jacob Cushing, A Sermon Preached at Lexington, April 20th 1778. Boston: Powars & Willis, 1776. John Archdale, â€Å"A New Description of that Fertile and Pleasant Province of Carolina,† Narratives of Early Carolina, (1911): 277-313. Richard Price, A Discourse on the Love of Our Country . . . Commemorating the Revolution in Great Britain. London: Edward E. Powars, 1789.

Nursing Theorist Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nursing Theorist - Research Paper Example With reference to the studies conducted by Tomey and Alligood (2002), it is noted that Florence Nightingale is one of the major theorist in the field of nursing and she is well known for her environmental theory, which stipulates that the environment surrounding an individual is a major determinant of the individual’s well-being or health status. According to Tomey and Alligood (2002), the main concepts related to the Nightingale’s theory stipulated that the environment comprises of all factors including social, psychological, and physical factors, and hence, an individual’s health can be maintained at a desirable status by controlling or influencing the surrounding environment. The other key concept of the Nightingale’s theory stipulates that nurses are fully responsible for controlling patients’ environment by providing them with balanced diet, clean surrounding, warmth, and even fresh air. With reference to the writings by Evelyn and Melanie (2002), it is stated that another notable contributor to the body of knowledge in the field of nursing is Virginia Henderson, who is best known for her theory on the nature of nursing. The Henderson theory states that the key role of a nurse is to assist an individual to perform activities that can contribute to his or her well-being or recovery from an illness or disability. One of the concepts under the Henderson’s theory is that the key role of a nurse is to help patients regain back their independence in terms of being self-reliant. Secondly, a nurse should be able to visualize or presume a patient’s plight so that he or she can know the true needs of the patient. In regards to Nightingale’s theory, the two main elements that stand out are the environment element and the role of a nurse in controlling the environment. These two elements are essential to my own

I believe that one major problem with mass media is that news is now Annotated Bibliography

I believe that one major problem with mass media is that news is now sponsor driven - Annotated Bibliography Example Additionally, some of the activities covered by the media such as sports have most of the sponsors; hence, leading to the increased advertisements. The author has also revealed that most of the sponsors are part of the shareholder in most companies leading to the motive of profits and capital investment. The article has presented significant knowledge on some of the global issues associated with the mass media. As a result, sponsorship and donor-ship claims have been external forces that have been used to control the entertainment sector. In some cases, competition has led to some of the media houses seeking sponsorship to increase their capital bases and awareness. The audience is seen as a product in the advertisement industry where editors and news presenters have to focus on the influence of the adverts. The book has presented substantial knowledge on some of the major issues affecting the mass media industry. The authors have gathered their information through research from individual companies and the society. One of the major problems highlighted in the book is the presence of sponsorship in various mass media companies. The issue has evolved from the need for companies to maximize profits and enhancing competitiveness. However, the sponsors provide their assistance with a price to pay for the mass media. Most media companies have partnerships with sponsors that lead to mutual relationships where both parties win. Internet surveys and other interviews by the authors on various populations show that media houses tend to cover more exposure of the sponsors than other developing news. Additionally, they also cover only the positive information on the sponsors; hence, making the mass media biased. The book further provides information on ways that the sponsor-driven mass media has affected public relations. Sponsors provide all types of support ranging from technological

Loose-leaf for Essentials of Life-Span Development Research Paper

Loose-leaf for Essentials of Life-Span Development - Research Paper Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that the best way the Garcia parents can solve this impasse is by using authoritative parenting. The fact that authoritative parenting is more lenient compared to the authoritarian model of parenting necessities the consideration of the Garcia parents. This is because, the main beneficiaries of parenting, Kerry and Timothy are still young. Timothy, in this case, has a desire to copy his parents and to create gaming situations. Unlike the authoritarian model which is emphatic on the following of rules and regulations and the meting out of punishment, the authoritative model is more lenient and readily amenable to administrative and democratic styles of training and leadership. It is a fact that Timothy, in this case, is too young to appreciate the import of punishment and regulations. In a closely related wavelength, it is true that the authoritarian model of parenting may not auger well with Timothy’s emotional and intellectual develop ment. It is at this time that children become more inquisitive and ask many questions. At this stage, the leniency of the authoritative model will Timothy acquire more knowledge from Patricia and Michael Garcia. It is at Timothy’s stage that he is bound to resolve his struggle with the Oedipal complex with learning and accepting the social role identification which the society assigns. Should natural desires and goals overwhelm or frustrate timothy, Timothy will become predisposed to guilt feelings. Again, it is important to remember that it is at this stage where Timothy’s most important relationship is with the Garcias, his basic family. This may demand that Patricia and Michael make readjustments on their work schedules which will help them be present during Timothy’s development.

Risk evaluation and calculation for a company. Importance of risk Essay

Risk evaluation and calculation for a company. Importance of risk evaluation while taking investment decisions - Essay Example In order to illustrate the complexities of risks involved, the subject of evaluation shall be a multinational company, principally located in an emerging Asian country, but producing an internationally marketed product. While the foreign firm boasts a fundamentally sound business, the fact that it involves investment in another country requires consideration of the various risks. A UK-based investment fund is considering investing in the Asian emerging market. It is considering SMCorp, a food and beverage company principally located in the Philippines. Its main product is the globally renowned San Miguel Beer which had won numerous prestigious international awards. SMCorp has expanded its operations abroad and established breweries located in China, Malaysia, and South America. The Philippine currency has an exchange rate of about PhP69:Â £1, within the past year varying between PhP73:Â £1 and PhP68:Â £1. SMCorp stock is sufficiently liquid and is a favourite among global funds that decide to invest in the Philippines, because of its excellent company fundamentals and steady rate of return. The company regularly declares a uniform stream of annual dividends and exhibits a strong cashflow pattern. Its stock price has a beta coefficient of 0.8. Its 52-week per-share figures are a high of PhP 61 and a low of PhP 38; it is currently at PhP 41. Being in the co nsumer food and beverage industry, demand for SMCorp’s products are consistent even during economic downturns, and sales are brisk locally and abroad. Risk, as applied to investments, is the probability of earning a return less than the expected return (Brigham, 1996). Investors are usually risk-averse; that is, investors will as much as possible try to avoid chances of earning below expected income, moreso chances of loss. Investors who do not assume more than the prevailing

Experience of Facing or Witnessing Discrimination Personal Statement

Experience of Facing or Witnessing Discrimination - Personal Statement Example The researcher presents his reason for choosing the Coast Guard department as a field of a profession as that he wants to abolish the act of discrimination that causes most of the people to gain a negative impact of the American society. The researcher tells that he has witnessed some acts of discrimination that led him to choose, coast guard as his profession. Here, the author will describe one of them. Originally, the researcher is a Hispanic and he meets with a lot many of people of his race. The researcher happened to meet two boys who were of about his age. They were Hispanic too. The act of illegally crossing the U. S. border caused them to face swear moral and judicial punishment from the society. Although, both of them were subjected to legal punishment, yet the researcher felt a bit of discriminating behavior of the society towards them. Actually, as the author noticed that they were not only subjected to judicial castigation but also to a discriminating behavior from the pe ople in their surroundings. This incident led him to think about the issue deeply. The researcher tried to recognize the factors involved in the act of discrimination. The conclusions told him that the basic factor in the treatment of illegally migrated groups is the treatment of the department directly dealing with such people. The researcher, therefore, concluded that, if the author is to abolish discrimination from the society by playing his part, being a coast guard will provide him the best opportunity to do so. Now, the author is ambitious to join the coast guard department, so that he may be able to deal with illegally migrated people in a new way. The researcher knows that he may not be able to bring a revolution in the department, yet the author is energetic to play his part in abolishing discrimination from the society.

Air pollution in China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Air pollution in China - Essay Example country claiming that the country would continue to grow its economy relying on the energy inefficient industries and using the polluting agents (Feng, 1999). However, the studies claim that the cost of pollution would oppose the development a feature that has begun stagnating development endeavors in the country as the discussion below portrays. The introductory paragraph above states that pollution is costly and deters infrastructural development and economic growth in the country. China’s economy has grown within the last few years owing to the rapid industrialization of the country. China is among the largest consumers of fossil fuels in the world with most of the industries in the country running on petroleum products. While industrialization has fostered the economic growth of the country, such endeavors have contributed to different forms of pollution thus culminating in the current state of affairs. Currently, the rate of pollution has reached the highest level deterring visibility owing to fog. Such high levels of pollution have begun affect the country’s economic growth by making the country, a country that was once the leading global investment destination, lose on foreign investors most of who site the health implications of the intense pollution. Industries in China are the leading pollutants. The country has millions of industries that run of fossil fuels thereby emitting large amounts of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide among other poisonous gases. Cities in the northern parts of the country are more polluted than in any other parts of the country owing to high number of industries in such regions. China for example is the leading exporter of steal globally (Innes & Hassan, 2000). Steel and cement industries are among the companies located in the northern parts of the country. Cement and steel industries in the country contribute to pollution owing to the large-scale evacuation processes they carry out coupled with an equally large-scale

Employment Law and Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Employment Law and Policy - Essay Example First, when they went to meet with Ms. Young, they should have waited for the next meeting time as she did not deny addressing their issues. They began their journey to the headquarters. Second, while investigating the matters highlighted by the three nurses, Custer did not observe the similar discontent from the department heads that was portrayed by the three nurses; rather, the department heads supported Ms. Young. Third, the department heads informed about their reservations over the unprofessional conduct and behavior of the three nurses. Fourth, the Ms. Young also complained about the improper and lack of cooperation from the three nurses. Subsequent to that, when Custer asked each person at the meeting for the names of the people he or she thought responsible for the tension at the Heartland facility, a considerable number of counts highlighted the major involvement of the three nurses. More importantly, when in March, the HR Director Custer was announcing his decisions resolv ing the issue; defiance and resistance to change was personally felt by the Director that was largely contributed by the three nurses. In almost every organization, a code of conduct is established and the employees are required to support and follow the requirements of it. Mostly, a number of organizations emphasize its enforcement so that the smooth functioning of the organization must remain active and continue. However, the conduct of the three nurses did not respect the established code of conduct; rather, they went against it.  ... However, the conduct of the three nurses did not respect the established code of conduct; rather, they went against it. And, the subsequent investigation proved and necessitated the employment termination of the three nurses. Impasses, Strikes, and Dispute Resolution The Mackay doctrine permits employers to hire permanent replacement workers for strikers (Hatton, 2011, p. 97). However, the United States also maintains that its laws guarantee the right of association and the right to strike and that the ‘Mackay doctrine’ must not violate the right to strike (Compa & Diamond, 1996, p.35). The inverse seniority step violates the sanctity of the Section 8(a) (1) of the NLRA. This Section maintains that any attempt by the employers shall be deemed as an unfair labor practice that interfere with, coerce or restrain employees in the exercise of their rights to join or assist labor organizations, or not to assist or join labor organizations. The inverse seniority option offered by the Child Care Services Inc. (CCSI) represents a clear act of interfering in the employee rights to assist or perform labor organization related activities and the inverse seniority would bring the replacements first for the most senior members; and, in the very first attempt of replacement, the main union members of the American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees (AFSCME) would be replaced in the case of strike; this action directly breaches the workers’ rights and puts additional pressure on them so that they should avoid exercising their legal rights for obtaining their objectives. On the other hand, Mackay doctrine permits the employers to hire replacement workers in the

Assets, liabilities, equity Essay Example for Free

Assets, liabilities, equity Essay Accounting, per se, is based on five types of accounts namely: assets, liabilities, equity, income and expense. These account types belong either of the Balance sheet accounts or Income and Expense accounts. Assets, liabiliites, and equity fall under the balance sheet account and the rest goes to the income and expense accoutnts. Definining each, asset is composed of a group of things that an individual or an entity owns. These includes tangible items like car, cash or often stocks (intangible) and others that possess convertible values. On the other hand, liabilities are group of things on which an individual or an entity is indebted to. Loans and mortgages are the common examples of liabilities. Equity, is what we also call net worth an amount that is represented to be the remainder after deducting the liabilities of an individual’s or an entity’s from its group of assets. Meanwhile, income is the same as profit – something that you earn as payment from the time, services, or goods that you offered in exchange of money. Expenses include all those monetaries that were used to acquire the goods or services of someone else. Amongst various accounts in an entity, the stocks swap and replacement costs are the fundamental accounts that change when an entity assimilates to a corporate merger. Stock swap is frequently used in the accounts of a corporate merger since it does not prohibit the shareholders of merging companies to distribute among them the risk that is involved in the merging transaction. Replacement cost, on the other hand is comes in when entities will employ cost in replacing that target company. However, replacment cost can only be true in most cases where an industry does not give services. References Investopedia ULC (2008) Mergers and Acquisitions: Introduction. Retrieved November 17, 2008, from http://www. investopedia. com/university/mergers/default. asp Money Instructor (2005) Basic Accounting Terminology 101. Retrieved November 17, 2008, from http://www. moneyinstructor. com/art/basicaccounting. asp

Ethical and Legal Issues on the Internet Essay Example for Free

Ethical and Legal Issues on the Internet Essay Plagiarism is probably the main concern when it comes to blogging and academic assignments. Should it be our responsibility to minimize plagiarism, yes it is. Academic Integrity helps keep higher learnings foundation strong. That is why it is very important to minimize or even try to eliminate plagiarism. Academic integrity surely includes issues like cheating and plagiarism, copyrights, patents, intellectual property. But it concerns the way in which we present ourselves to the community of which we are a part of. Its the obligation of students, administrators, faculty, and staff, to come together to educate students for personal and social responsibility. Schools offer to the learning community information about academic and research integrity, the responsible conduct of research, and about the ways in which our individual actions have an effect on our participation with, a vibrant and creative academic and social community. Plagiarism, the use of anothers words, ideas, data, or product without  appropriate acknowledgment, such as copying anothers work, presenting someone elses opinions and theories as ones own, or working jointly on a project and then submitting it as ones own. Cheating, the use or attempted use of unauthorized materials such as annotated or instructor editions of the course textbook, information, or study aids; or an act of deceit by which a student attempts to misrepresent academic skills or knowledge. Fabrication is the intentional misrepresentation or invention of any information, such as falsifying research, inventing or exaggerating data, or listing incorrect or fictitious references. There are ways for responsible blogging; as long as people can be ethical and follow them blogging may become more credible. First Bloggers should check their facts before blogging. It is so simple to produce and share content why not make sure it is 100% facts before sharing. Bloggers should respect all copyright laws, people associate online content with public domain content which can get the blogger in hot water. Bloggers should include links to a more detail source of the material that is being written. Giving credit where credit is due is very important in responsible blogging. The blogger should always reference their sources, this practice is important under an ethical point of view, but also give the reader a place to get the main source of facts.

Differences Between Virtual and Real Worlds

Differences Between Virtual and Real Worlds The nearer the virtual world comes to replicating the real world the more we will have to question what, if any, the difference continues to be. Discuss. Introduction The concept of the virtual has been around for much longer than the technology which now makes the virtual part of our lives. In various forms, such as that put forward by Descartes, the concept of the virtual has long permeated the thoughts of scholars. However, it is only in very recent times that the concept of the virtual has really taken flight. For now, with emerging technologies and a world which is more unstable than ever, the world of the virtual has grown rapidly. Now, the virtual is getting closer and closer to reality, and soon we may not be able to distinguish these worlds from each other. Whilst it is clear that right now we have some idea of the difference between the real world and the virtual world, the differences between the two are much less than before. Traditionally, the difference between the virtual and the real worlds was the concept of identity or body – that in the virtual world your mind was separated from your body and therefore the difference between the virtual and the real was the physical form. However, this view is slowly being eroded away and there are many who now believe the virtual cannot be separated from the real in terms of body or physicality. This is a view that the researcher shares, and this concept shall be one of the main points of focus in the essay. Another area which could measure the distinction between the virtual and the real is the concept of risk. Risk is still one of the few concepts which seems to differ in the virtual and the real worlds, at least in a number of cases. Although this difference is being reduced, currently it seems possible to distinguish the virtual and real worlds using the concept of risk. The first part of this essay will look at the way in which the virtual has superseded many aspects of the real world in our lives, and how these areas can no longer be easily distinguished. These normal, everyday events are now both real and virtual simultaneously, and there is no discernible distinction. The second part of the essay will deal with the concept of physicality in the virtual world, and how the evidence now suggests that the virtual and real worlds cannot be distinguished through the identity of the physical body. The final part of the essay will show that despite this convergence between the virtual and the real, there are some distinctions to be made. The way in which the virtual can be distinguished from the real comes down to the concept of risk, although this distinction is also being reduced and perhaps with the introduction of future technologies this distinguishing feature will also be completely eroded. Information, branding and the virtual One area of our lives that has seen a dramatic shift from the real to the virtual over the last ten years is information and branding. Information used to be stored predominantly in ‘real’ forms such as paper books. However, most information is now accessed in virtual form, through computers, radio and television and other digital media. Books and music are now accessed as digital facsimiles of the original, and our world in terms of information has shifted from real to virtual (Argyle and Shields, 1996). This process has come so far that there can be no real distinction between the real and virtual worlds of information. We see books and music in paper form in the same way we do digital e-books and mp3 music. They are perceptually very similar and contain the same information that we require. Our world has shifted from the real and local to the virtual and the global. The shift from real to virtual has also occurred in terms of branding. Brand concepts for many real objects are now so strong that we no longer think of the real object itself but in fact associate the virtual brand as the key identity. For example, vacuum cleaners being called ‘Hoovers’, tissues being called ‘Kleenex’ and digital music players being called ‘Ipods’(Shields, 2003). The brand stands as a virtual representation of the actual real objects, but is virtually indistinguishable, particularly in linguistic terms. The virtual, as Shields puts it, has moved from being something simply transformative and vague to something banal and common. The virtual has permeated or even superseded the real in some aspects of life, and the virtual is now for all intents and purposes indistinguishable from the real. Whilst it could be argued that these virtual forms differ from their real counterparts by way of physical form (i.e. the virtual item has no physical tangible form, whereas the real form does), in the cases of information and branding this distinction of physicality is too small to be clear. For example, the virtual or digital form of a book does have physical form, in that the information can be printed out or used in a physical way just like the real paper book can. This is the same for branding, where the virtual brand names are so synonymous with the real physical objects that they cannot be separated. In these cases ,the virtual has superseded the real, and completely destroyed the boundaries between them. Therefore, this is an area where there cannot be said to be any real distinction between the virtual world and the real world. Physical form, identity within the virtual world The most commonly argued distinction between the real and virtual worlds is the concept of physical form and identity. It is argued by many that in the virtual world you do not have a complete physical identity and that your mind being removed from the physical body is the distinction between the real and virtual. In other words, in the virtual world you have no real identity or physical interaction, whereas in the real world you do. Although it seems clear that the physical characteristics that identify our physical are not obviously visible in the virtual world, the physical self is not completely left behind and we do in fact experience physical manifestations within the virtual world. As pointed out by Katie Argyle and Rob Shields (1996), who point out that ‘presence’ doesn’t simply vanish in the virtual world, and that the technology simply mediates our physical presence. With technology the way it is today, and the fact it is sure to improve in the future, we can now act holistically through our bodies within the virtual world. Although it might seem that our bodies are not part of the virtual, in truth we cannot actually escape our bodies. In other words, we do not lose our body within the virtual world, but rather experience and interact in the virtual world through our bodies. Argyle points out that the emotions we feel whilst interacting in the virtual world are in fact real and are physical. She gives the example of her online presence ‘Kitty’, (Argyle and Shields, 1996, in Kolko, p66) where she says that the interactions she has with people, although in a virtual world the emotions and feeling are real and felt in her body. Argyle’s online interaction shows no separation from the body, and therefore is a suggestion that the physical body cannot be used as a distinguishing feature between real and virtual. This view is supported by Ellen Ullman, who says how she fell in love via email. She only knew this person via the virtual world of email, and not through physical interaction, yet the virtual world elicited real and physical feelings within her. Ullman does differentiate her online body from her ‘real’ one by saying that the love she felt was through her ‘virtual’ body, but she does not separate these two bodies, and the physical form is still linked to the online body or persona (Ullman, 1996) It seems that when interacting online, it is extremely difficult or nearly impossible to completely separate your online persona from your real and physical persona. For instance, in online games where people can send messages to each other within character, they may also ask about the person in ‘real life’, such as how old they are and where they have come from. People often get confused about which ‘life’ the other person is talking about, and so acronyms have been created to stop the confusion such as IC (in character) and IRL (in real life). This confusion is down to the fact that there will always be a part of our persona within the virtual that cannot be separated, and therefore the body cannot be a distinguishing feature between the virtual and the real. Not only does the physical form remain within the virtual world by virtue of its interaction and emotions experienced in the virtual, but many of the laws and rights that govern the real are now also governing the virtual. Even if you want to make a distinction between the virtual body, such as an avatar or image, and the real physical body, many of the outcomes are the same. The laws and rights of the virtual are now mirroring the real, and blurring the lines further between the two worlds. For instance, take the rights of avatars in the virtual world. Whilst avatars cannot have the same basic right as real bodies, namely the right to life (they are not alive after all), they may feel many of the hazards and wish to have the same rights as their real counterparts. For instance, take the example of sexual harassment within the virtual world. Whilst the legal definitions for sexual assault and rape are generally not met by virtual encounters, much of the feelings of intrusion, fear or disgust can be the same. Take the example of Julien Dibbell’s account of Mr Bungle’s rape on the characters Legba and Starsinger in LambdaMOO (Dibbell, 1996). The ‘rape’ was virtual and involved an avatar seizing two other female avatars and graphically describing the actions performed. Whilst this may not constitute ‘real’ rape, the trauma for the two controllers of the female avatars was indeed real. This is because the body cannot be separated compl etely when in the virtual world, and even if the exact actions are not the same it cannot really be said that physicality is a distinguishing factor between the real and the virtual as the body affected similarly in both worlds. The lack of risk within the virtual world Whilst the traditionally held view of being able to distinguish the real and the virtual by the separation of the mind and the body has been shown to be flawed, there is definite promise in the concept of risk as a distinguishing feature. The reasons for this are that risk is something which can only truly be experienced through the physical without the mediating virtual world. Of course, certain risks such as financial risk and emotional risk are possible in the virtual world as these risks will have similar, if slightly dulled, consequences in the virtual world. However, the notion of risk to the physical body or fear is a feature that separates the virtual and the real. For instance, creating virtual business that has real financial consequences may seem to have the same features as real business, but there are differences. Using the virtual world all products can be tested, mapped and made 100% safe before they are sold on. Experiments can be conducted without the potential risks to human life or to property. The concept of risk is in many ways eliminated from the design process, aside from some of the same financial concerns of design costs. Identities and properties can be re-used, re-hashed or completely changed in the virtual world, meaning there is less risk of catastrophic failure. However, perhaps the biggest issue in terms of risk is the fact that fear of physical harm is almost completely removed in the virtual world. Emotions are still prevalent and part of our physicality remains in the virtual. However, the risks associated with physical damage or damage to property cannot be properly appreciated within the virtual world. There are no risks in this sense in the virtual world, whereas there are in the real world. For instance, take the example of realistic computer games such as Forza Motorsport (Lockergnome, 2005). Developed as one of the most advanced driving games for console play, an experiment was conducted to see the difference in performance and reactions between the virtual and real worlds. Six performance cars were driven round the same Atlanta circuit by drivers on the game and on the real life circuit. The results were startling in that the performances between virtual and real worlds were extremely similar. The braking and turning points were extremely similar and the performances in each car were almost the same whether in virtual or real world (Lockergnome, 2005). However, the times in the real world were slower than on the game – much of this attributed to the risk involved in driving the car in the real world. In the game, the drivers could push their cars to the limit in the knowledge that if they crashed there would be no damage to the car. This removed the risk facto r and allowed them to get better times. However, on the real track they had to be more careful, for crashing at 150mph in a high-powered car would be far too risky. This slowed them down, and showed despite all other factors being seemingly indistinguishable, the major difference between the real and the virtual was the risk factor. It can also be seen in the prevalence of online dating and sexual play from people who would not normally engage in such activities in the real world. In the rapidly growing virtual world called Second Life (Linden Research Inc, 2007), there are many groups of various role-players who act out fantasies that they would not do in real life. This is not because it is impossible for them to do in real life (although perhaps some are), but because of the risk factors involved in real life. The feelings they receive from these interactions may be almost identical to the ones they would get in real life interaction, but the crucial difference is risk. Whilst for some interactions this will not affect the sensation, it does for others, such as those involved in fantasies of pain or domination. The risk factor is the one which can distinguish the virtual from the real world. Conclusion Whilst we are still living in a world where the real and the virtual seem in most cases to be separate, this is perhaps less true than we think. The real world of information has become indistinguishable from the virtual, and with new technologies the virtual world has become far more expansive and convincing. This change has meant that it is now impossible to separate all of our real physical identity from the virtual representation of ourselves in the virtual world. However, one factor that still lets us distinguish the virtual from the real is the concept of risk, which is not yet fully realised within the virtual world. However, if in future the technology of the virtual increases to the point where physical sensations can be experienced fully in the virtual world, then physical risk to the body and other items of value will be possible. If risk can be fully replicated in the virtual world, then it seems the two worlds would be very close to being completely indistinguishable. Bibliography Argyle, K., and Shields, R. (1996) Is there a body in the net?, Living Bodies Chapter 4, SAGE publications Ltd, London. Dibbell, J. (1996) ( My Dinner With Catharine MacKinnon and Other Hazards of Theorizing Virtual Rape, available online at http://www.juliandibbell.com/texts/mydinner.html Kolko, B.E. We Are Not Just (Electronic) Words: Learning the Literacies of Culture, Body, and Politics. http://bethkolko.com/includes/pdfs/wearenotjustelectronicwords.pdf Là ©vy, P. (2002) Cyberculture. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Shapiro, M.A., and McDonald, D.G. (1992) Im Not a Real Doctor, but I Play One in Virtual Reality: Implications of Virtual Reality for Judgments about Reality Journal of Communication 42 (4), 94–114. Shields, R. (2003) The Virtual, Cultures of internet, Virtual Spaces, Real Histories Chapter 2, Routledge, London. Ullman, E. (1996) Come in, CQ: The Body on the Wire. Wired-Women: Gender and  New Realities in Cyberspace. Ed. Lynn Cherny and Elizabeth Reba Wiese. Seattle: Seal,  1996. 3-23.  

Fire! :: essays research papers

I remember the night all too well. It was an August evening and my parents left my younger brother Steve and I home alone as the rest of my family went to one of my younger sister, April’s, softball games. They left the two of us together thinking that they could trust us since I was the ‘older brother’ and that I’m going to be a senior in high school. I guess that eventually proved to be quite the mistake.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As I recall it, Steve and I became bored after watching a few minutes of television. Our cable was disconnected the week earlier, and so the only channels we received weren’t too exciting for teenage boys. Out of desperation, Steve begged me to find something for us to do. I decided that since it was still pretty nice outside, we could go out and create a little fun of our own. And that is exactly what happened†¦ We grabbed the barbeque lighter and began circling our house and driveway looking for flammable objects. Since I was the one in charge, of course I was a little nervous, but I knew, or at least I hoped I knew, that Steve had an idea of what he was doing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Paper, leaves, and an occasional cat got pretty monotonous, so I told Steve that we should just head back into the house. Now please take note that Steven thrives on attention, and albeit he’s not the brightest crayon in the box, he loves to have people around to laugh and joke with as he attempts his insane adventures. So he suggested that we move onto bigger and better things, promising me that it would be well worth my time. I got a bit curious as to what he had planned, so I went along just for kicks. Besides, how bad could it really be?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Pleased that I was joining him, Steve grabbed a can of bug spray that was lying on our back deck. He also asked me to run into the garage and grab as many aerosol cans as I could find. All that I could gather was a can of Lysol, Raid and a half-empty can of wasp-repellent. I wasn’t exactly feeling too good about this, but Steve assured me that because of scouts, he was a professional pyromaniac. I was as curious as ever by now, and so I was concentrating on his every move.

how to mare black powder :: essays research papers

How to Make Black Powder (and other explosives) Introduction Black Powder, also known as Gunpowder, is an explosive that has been around, literally, for centuries. The exact origins of the formula are lost in time, but it is known that the Chinese used Black Powder in weaponry at least 1,000 years ago. Technically, Black Powder burns by a process known as deflagration. This differs from detonation in that Black Powder produces subsonic shock waves, as opposed to the supersonic shock waves produced by explosives such as Dynamite, C-4 or TNT. This means that Black Powder is better suited as a propellant (such as in fireworks, bullets and cannons) than blasting (such as in construction or demolition). Safety Black Powder is dangerous!. The powder burns at a very high temperature, and is easily ignited. (High grade powder doesn’t even need a flame to ignite – it can be set off by percussion, such as the firing pin of a pistol.) Basically, what I am saying is that if you are not careful, you could land up with very severe burns, or worse. Some basic guidelines to follow: 1) Always mix ingredients in small amounts. Do not try to make 10 Kg of black powder (or any explosive) in one batch. Mixing small amounts of powder limits the potential damage should an unexpected explosion occur. 2) Keep your workplace tidy. Always carefully clean up spilled chemicals. Some materials can spontaneously combust when mixed (this is especially true of nitrates and chlorates). For the same reason, use separate instruments (plastic spoons, mixing cups, etc) for different chemicals. Label your instruments so that you know what materials they have been in contact with. 3) Mix materials outdoors. Chemical explosives contain their own internal source of oxygen, and cannot be smothered. If you start a chemical fire indoors, it can be nearly impossible to extinguish. 4) Be aware of static sparks. Do not use metal instruments to mix or grind materials. Do not store chemicals in metal containers. Use ceramics or plastics wherever possible. Store chemicals and mixtures in plastic containers or ZipLoc bags. 5) Wear safety goggles. Should the worst happen, skin can be grafted. Eyes cannot be replaced. Ingredients Black Powder has traditionally consisted of three ingredients: Potassium Nitrate (KNO3, also known as Salt Peter), Sulfur and Charcoal. The Sulfur and Charcoal provide fuel for the reaction, while the Potassium Nitrate provides Oxygen. By themselves, Charcoal and Sulfur will burn, albeit very slowly. The addition of an oxidizer (such as KNO3) greatly speeds up the burn rate of the fuel, resulting in an explosive reaction. The traditional ratio of the ingredients is 15:3:2 of KNO3, Charcoal and Sulfur by weight

The Cosmetic Industry: Selling Illusion :: Argumentative Persuasive Argument

The Cosmetic Industry: Selling Illusion The makeup industry is booming these days. With the ability to make skin appear smoother, eyelashes look longer, and make lips a different color, makeup continues to create a distorted reality for people around the world. The cosmetic industry is still going strong because our culture continues to promote its use. For example, women are expected to wear makeup for certain occasions. They are expected to wear makeup at work, when they go out to eat, and nearly every other situation that involves an appearance in public. If a woman is seen not wearing makeup in public, then she is considered a deviant, and others look down on her. The entire makeup market, the value of eye, lip, nail and face makeup, was $23.7 billion in 1998. This market has also experienced a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.7 percent from 1994 to 1998. (Bucalo) One obvious explanation for this large value of the industry is that makeup is extremely appealing to consumers. It is a great way to cover up the imperfections in one's appearance. The "need" to cover the imperfections in our face and skin is magnified by the importance that is placed on looking beautiful. It is sad, but many times people are judged by their appearance. People realize this and strive to improve themselves with makeup. They feel it is necessary to put on a mask when presenting themselves to the public because they fear that they may be inaccurately judged if they do not. Makeup has other uses, too. There are some circumstances that call for the distortion of reality, such as movies. An actor can represent a character much better with a little distortion of his true appearance. Sometimes the story line takes place over an extended period of time. An actor may need to change their appearance from young to old throughout the course of the movie. Makeup can also make it easier for a movie to seem more realistic. Can you imagine how lame Star Wars or Dracula would have been if the actors had played the parts without change from their natural appearance? Clowns also seem to have a convincing argument that makeup is useful in their line of work. In fact, the makeup that a clown wears is characteristic of their job description. A clown without makeup is like a fish out of water. Makeup is so useful for clowns because an unchanging mood can be put on their face.

Chinese Food Essay

Chinese food has a long history with more than 5,000 years. Different area has different kind of cooking. Also, different style of cooking has different characteristic. Chinese food covers a lot of the delicious tastes from all over the country. First, Cantonese cuisine is delicious and attractive, which is always my favorite style of dishes. Cantonese cuisine’s characteristic is sweet, original and light. It lays importance on the food’s high freshness. (About) You can see there are many living fish which will be killed and made of a dish when the customer requires. Besides, Cantonese cuisine has many kinds of food, like shumai. Shumai is filled with primarily of pork, black mushroom, green onion and ginger with seasonings of Chinese rice wine. (Wikipedia) It tastes very delicious with a salt and smooth taste. It seems like the word â€Å"mouthfeel† was invented for it. It is the typical and traditional food for Cantonese. Every time I go to Cantonese restaurant, Shumai is the dishes that I will choose automatically. Also, Shumai is always the apotheosis of Cantonese cuisine in my mind. Second, Sichuan cuisine has a long history. Sichuan cuisine has a really long history and it can be dated back to the period of Qin Dynasty. (Wikipedia) Nowadays, Sichuan cuisine has been famous for all over the world. And Sichuan restaurants exist in many areas in the world. Even President Obama also enjoys this kind of delicious food. (Z&Y restaurant) Sichuan cuisine mainly uses soy sauce, vinegar and sauce. Without these relishes, the taste of Sichuan cuisine will degrade. Besides, the style of Sichuan cuisine is fresh and simple. (Wikipedia) For me, Sichuan cuisine is always spicy and stimulating. The dishes are simple, but they can give me a sense of enjoyment and comfort. Sichuan cuisine has a really long history and now is famous all over the world. Third, besides Chinese food’s tasty, it is also good for body constitution. I have ever seen many court play on TV that many emperors would let his cooks to make medicine diet. Also, sometimes my parents will add some traditional Chinese medicine into the soup. Although I don’t have foodie tendencies, I grew up loving this kind of soup. Nowadays, many new dietary therapy cuisines are created, with good taste and effect. By eating medicine diet, I grow up healthily and strongly. In conclusion, Chinese food covers many kinds of delicious food. And it is the wisdom of Chinese people. I am really proud of it. In the future, I believe that Chinese food will go on a new stage and can be appreciated by people all over the world. Reference Wikipedia. (n. d. ). Shumai. Retrieved November 19, 2012, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Shumai#Serving About. (n. d. ). Cantonese cuisine. Retrieved November 19, 2012 from http://chinesefood. about. com/od/cantonesecuisine/p/profile. htm Z&Y restaurant. (n. d. ). Chef Han. Retrieved November 19, 2012 from http://www. zandyrestaurant. com/en/index. html Wikipedia. (n. d. ). Diet therapy. Retrieved November 19, 2012 from http://zh. wikipedia. org/wiki/%E8%97%A5%E8%86%B3.

Positive Attitude

Dennis Brown once said, â€Å"The only difference between a good day and a bad day is your attitude. † As someone who always tried to keep a positive attitude in life, it is hard for me to imagine a world where people are not as optimistic about everyday deals. After hitting my Junior year in IB; however, the effects of the stress load really began to affect my attitude towards life. However, even though I barely just began this experience, I can truly say that a positive attitude can go a long way.As we explore this idea, we’ll first discover the benefits of being positive, next look at the negatives of losing hope, and finally learn how to keep life beautiful with a beautiful attitude. An anonymous person with a great outlook on life once said, â€Å"You've got to take the good with the bad, smile with the sad, love what you've got, and remember what you had. Always forgive, but never forget. Learn from mistakes, but never regret. † Though, this person did not disclose their name, their point is simple and clear. Staying positive is better than being negative.It is scientifically proven that staying positive can help decrease stress levels, increase lifespan, and can actually cause a greater resistance to the common cold and many other diseases. Ph. D. Doctor Martin Brofman discovered the benefits of keeping an upbeat attitude at all times. Brofman was diagnosed terminal cancer in 1975 and was told that he only had two months to live; two months before he would be forced to confront with death. Determined to make the most of his last few weeks, he refused to let anything get him down by keeping a positive attitude at all times.When the sky looked rainy during the time he was sick, the sun would come out at his command. He would imagine his cancer cells each dying off, one at a time; he would insist that everything would be okay. Two months later, he went back to visit the doctor that declared him terminally ill. The doctor, in return, had laughed in joy and stated that perhaps they had made a mistake. Brofman later quotes that â€Å"In order to release a symptom, one must release the way of being associated with it. Thus, the process of healing implies a process of transformation. Along with the positives of being positive, there are also several consequences for being negative. According to scientific research, negative attitude can decrease lifespan, cause stress levels to rise drastically which can cause many medical problems such as heart attack, hypertension, diabetes, and can create an unpleasant future. There are six main types of negativity: the miserable type, the silent killer, the drama queens, the woe is, the paranoid type, and finally the trigger type. These all have one thing in common: they tend to see many things in a negative light.According to Winston Churchill, â€Å"The pessimist sees difficulty in every opportunity. The optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty. † In the end, the question asked is: would you rather see the difficulty or the opportunity? If the answer is to see opportunity, there are several ways to create a more positive attitude. Firstly, gratitude. If you are grateful towards things that you have, then you tend to have a positive outlook towards your life. It is said that Gratitude is the beginning of all virtues. The next step would be choosing happiness.Be happy; be positive; even when everything is looking rough, there is always light at the end of the tunnel. Thirdly would be substituting problems for challenges. Don’t think of it as a problem, think of it as a challenge. Fourthly, view life as a journey; not a long, weary trek in the end where you go to sleep dejected and exhausted. Think of life as a ride, a ride with twists and turns but nevertheless an honest to goodness fun ride. Next, when you wake up in the morning, think about what a wonderful day it is. A positive start will nearly always end happily.Lastly, stop and s mell the roses and appreciate even the little things in life. As Maurice Setter once said, â€Å"Too many people miss the silver lining because they are too busy looking for the gold. † Often times, people take things for granted and do not look at the positive side of life. However, as shown previously, a positive attitude can create not only great health but also help the people around you. In this sense, a positive attitude is necessary for one to feel truly happy in their lives and necessary for one to truly live the fullest they can.

Robert Frost Theme on Death

Throughout Frost's poetry it is clear to envisage that Frost himself had experienced great loss. His poem’s take you through some of the stages of grief he had experienced at various points in his life. There is a certain cathartic quality to his poems, it is obvious Frost used the medium of creative writing as a release from his grief, enabling him to process his losses, to accept and heal from them. His own father had died when Frost was just a boy himself and during his married life Frost found himself a father also to six offspring.His life was touched by tragedy again as he and his wife lost two of these children. One child was still born the other died at three years old. The echoes of grief can be found in the poem Home burial. â€Å"Tell me about if it's something human. Let me into your grief. I'm not so much unlike other folk as your standing there. This sections comes as the husband is pleading with the wife to communicate with him. The wife is inconsolable and is trying to flee and says to her husband â€Å"There you go sneering now!†Frost breaks this line in the middle to suggest how profoundly at odds they are, how much psychic as well as literal space separates them. (Kilcup 1988. ) Again he pleads with her â€Å"A man can't speak of his own child that's dead. Any rhetorical question demands, expects, the hearer's automatic agreement; there is nothing it expects less than a particular, specific denial. The man's â€Å"Can't a man speak . . . † means â€Å"Isn't any man allowed to speak . . . ,† but her fatally specific answer, â€Å"Not you! † makes it mean, â€Å"A man cannot—is not able to—speak, if the man is you, (Jarrell 1999.)â€Å"She then implies how insensitive he has been over the child's death and repeats the words to him that he had said after burying the child† Three foggy mornings and one rainy day will rot the best birch fence a man can build. † Amy's interpretation o f her husband's words in the kitchen reveals, ironically, that her husband may be far more subtle and sophisticated in expressing himself than she understands. Her question is really an accusation, and she believes not only that he would not care but that he is fundamentally incapable of caring (Faggen1997.)The husband through his wife Amy’s eyes has lost the ability to interact with his wife, also his wife fails to see that in fact he was referring to the child's death by his comment. As a farmer close to nature he was referring to the unfairness of it all, that no matter how hard you try fate plays a part in everything. The fence being a metaphor of how a perfectly strong structure can be taken by bad weather. In the case of the baby's life it taken by death. In the case of this poem both the husband and wife had misinterpreted each other's grieving.Failing to appreciate each other's pain in that process. In the poem â€Å"Death of a Hired Man†, there are four charac ters. Mary and Warren, partners or married it does not actually state this in the poem. Harold a young farm hand and the hired man Silas who seems to be the main character of the poem. In comparison to the couple in Home Burial and the obvious lack of empathy they seem to have for each other, Mary and Warren seem close and communicate effortlessly with each other. This is reflected in the opening verses of â€Å"death of A Hired Man†.It seems they have a relationship of mutual understanding between them. â€Å"When she heard his step, Mary was obviously familiar with Warren enough to know it was his foot fall without first seeing him. This is the opposite in Home burial obviously the wife is trying to flee from her husband a marked comparison between the two relationships. Silas has returned to this couple to die, when Mary comes across him he is â€Å"Huddled against a barn door fast asleep. † In the middle of winter this must have appeared strange to Mary.She goes o n to describe his appearance to Warren, â€Å"a miserable sight, frightening too â€Å"I didn't recognize him-I wasn't looking for him-and he's changed, â€Å"This describes a change in Silas's appearance enough to shock Mary who has known him a number of years. May be he has grown thin and worn looking. The verse paints a mental picture, you can visualize poor withered Silas curled up in the doorway of the barn and the look on Mary's face on finding him there. Warren asks Mary if he said anything she replied â€Å"but little,† Mary describes his speech to Warren almost in-coherent.This symbolises the demise of Silas as he its unable to string a sentence together. Warren is confused by this and refers to a disagreement between Silas and Harold Wilson. Wilson a young boy and Silas were good work colleagues. Harold had other ideas and went into education Silas tried everything to coax Harold back to working the farm but with little success. Silas frowned upon formal educatio n this shows through in this verse, â€Å"He said he couldn't make the boy believe He could find water with a hazel prong-which showed how much good school had ever done him.Warren says at one point â€Å"well those days trouble Silas like a dream. † Maybe Silas had regret in his life, he cut a lonely person roaming the land looking for work. His own family were well to do and educated, his brother is quoted as a Director of a bank. They are shades of Silas not been good enough in some way in his family’s eyes. Maybe he viewed Warren and Mary as family at one point Warren states† he won't be made ashamed to please his brother. † The simile between Silas and the stray hound that came from the woods and given a home on their farm paints the couple as empathetic and caring of nature.Maybe this is the reason why Silas chose them to die with rather than alone. With all the problems that arose between Silas and Harold while working for Warren and Mary. Mary stil l found it in her heart to give him a bed for the night. Mary asks Warren to check on Silas while she sits a watches the night sky. Mary is particularly watching the clouds and says to warren â€Å"I'll sit and see if that small sailing cloud will hit or miss the moon. † â€Å"It hit the moon. † This line symbolises the point as Warren looks in a Silas and realises Silas has died in his sleep.Frost reflects the mood of the poem with this short line, you can almost hear the cloud exploding off the moon as warren realises Silas is dead. Warren returns to Mary â€Å"Dead†, was all he said. The ending of the poem also shows the impact of death, as Warren silently sits beside Mary and he only gives a one-word answer of â€Å"Dead†. This emphasizes the impact of Silas’ death and what it means to the couple. The bluntness of his reaction gives a feeling of grief and disbelief (Study Mode, ND) In both these poems Frost deals with death in an intimate way, you can tell by the style of each verse he is writing from experience.The mood and tone of each poem is dramatic and it is as though you are a fly on the wall actually witnessing the events that unfold in each verse from beginning to end. Again in the poem â€Å"Out Out†, there is a comparison between the disbelief of the wife in her reaction towards her husband, at his perceived lack of care towards the child’s death in the poem, â€Å"Home Burial,† and the reaction of the gathered crowed after the poor boy perishes.As it states in Out Out, â€Å"And they, since they, (the gathered crowd,) Were not the one dead, turned to their affairs. Certainly there was sorrow, mourning and a tearful funeral, but none of that pertains to the poet’s message. The living have lives to lead (Wood 2008. )This is the last line of the poem after the poor victim, 16yr old Raymond Fitzgerald dies in the accident of horrific injuries caused by a buzz saw. The poor child bleeds to death after his hand is severed by the saw.Robert Frost clearly accomplished great things as a poet. After a long and successful career as a professor teaching poetry, he went on to win The Pulitzer Prizes twice for his literary works. This gentle farmer-poet† whose platform manner concealed the ever-troubled, agitated private man who sought through each of his poems â€Å"a momentary stay against confusion. † (Burnshaw. S 2000. ) Frost became the voice of the ordinary American and to this day is still held in the highest regard even after his death.

Biography of Jon Corzine

Jonathan Corzine was born on New Year’s Day in 1947 and grew up on his family’s farm in rural Illinois. Having learned the value of hard work from his parents, a farmer and a school teacher, he graduated from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign as a Phi Beta Kappa and immediately enlisted in the Marine Reserves. He served for six years as a reservist while beginning his career in finance at the Continental Illinois National Bank. He earned his MBA in 1973 while attending night classes and went to work for Bank Ohio.He moved to New Jersey in 1975 with his wife when he went to work for the New York investment firm of Goldman Sachs where he was named partner in 1980 and CEO in 1984(About the Governor, 2006). The couple had three children, but later divorced (Governor’s Information, 2006). His affair became a public spectacle during his political career with his wife announcing that he may let down the state of New Jersey in the same way he let down the fa mily (Cilliza, 2005).However, this did not deter his political aspirations. Soon, Corzine entered the political spectrum. He made a push for the United States Senate and won the seat in 2000. Five years later, Corzine announced his intention of running for the New Jersey Governor. He focused on using his knowledge and skills in finance to help the economy of the state of New Jersey. As a Democrat, he urged the state to adopt a more progressive economic and social policy (Governor’s Information, 2006).He helped write the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which attempted to crack down on corporate wrongdoing. He also sponsored the Start Healthy, Stay Healthy Act, which worked to create more health care coverage for children and pregnant women (Jon Corzine, 2008). His career was punctuated by his attempt to apply his business expertise to politics. In 2005, Corzine announced his candidacy for the governorship of New Jersey and vowed to utilize his business acumen which had helped him become a multimillionaire on Wall Street in helping out the state.â€Å"He built his campaign around his comprehensive ethics proposal, revamping the state’s property tax system, building a stronger economy, and improving education and healthcare†(Governor’s Information, 2006) Using 43 million dollars of his own money on the campaign, he narrowly beat his Republican adversary and became the 54th governor of New Jersey in January of 2007 (Cilliza, 2005). Corzine was sworn in as New Jersey’s 54th Governor on January 17, 2006.While in office, he worked hard to raise the sales tax from 6% to 7% even though he had to shut down the nonessential elements of government in order to do it. In addition, he abolished the death penalty in the state of New Jersey, replacing it with life imprisonment. He suffered a critical injury in a car accident in 2007, but has made a recovery and continues to serve his term. About the Governor. (2006). State of New Jersey Office of the Gov ernor. Retrieved 31 March 2008 from http://www. state. nj. us/governor/about/ Cilliza, C. (2005). Corzine Defeats Forrester to Become N.J. Governor. The Washington Post. 8 November 2005: A1u8. Governor’s Information: New Jersey Governor Jon Corzine. National Governor’s Association. Retrieved 31 March 2008 from http://www. nga. org/portal/site/nga/ menuitem. 29fab9fb4add37305ddcbeeb501010a0/? vgnextoid=9db05 b07f60c8010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD Jon Corzine. Wikipedia. Received 31 March 2008 fromhttp://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/ Jon_Corzine#Senate_career Corzine, who made a fortune on Wall Street and spent at least $43 million of it on this race, evidently did not win the vote of his ex-wife, Joanne Corzine.Her quote to a newspaper about how Corzine might â€Å"let New Jersey down† the same way he â€Å"let his family down† with an adulterous affair was featured in Forrester's TV ads. With 95 percent of precincts counted, Corzine had 54 percent of the votes (1 ,120,272) to Forrester's 43 percent (908,796). Corzine Defeats Forrester To Become N. J. Governor Bloomberg Wins Easily; Texas Passes Gay-Marriage Ban By Chris Cillizza Special to The Washington Post Wednesday, November 9, 2005; Page A18

Machines Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Machines - Essay Example There are other factors beside the physical limitations of human body; these factors include emotions and moods of human beings. Such factors are not in the control of human beings nor can the machines be developed to suit the mood and emotions of the individual who operate them. We can easily observe that in scenarios where machines are manually operated by the humans the maximum efficiencies achieved are not more than 75 to 80 percent however in case of automated machines where machines are operated by humans with the help of other machines the efficiencies achieved can be as high as 99 percent in some of the cases (Kroemer, Kroemer & Kroemer-Elbert, 2001). So when we analyze the prospects of creating machines according to the limitations of human beings, in addition to the physical limitations, emotional limitations should also be considered however incorporating the emotional limitations is very difficult and requires concepts like artificial intelligence to be integrated into th e machines.

Argentina Economy - Analysis Project Research Paper

Argentina Economy - Analysis Project - Research Paper Example Argentina economy is the third biggest economy in Latin America, with high standards of living and per capita income. Argentina is an upper middle-income economy and exhibits the characteristics of a strong foundation for future market size expansion, and increments in foreign direct investment. It also exhibits an augment in the percentage of high technology exports as a share of the entire manufactured products. Argentina gains from rich natural resources, high literacy rates of its population, an agricultural sector which is export oriented, and a diversified industrial base. Traditionally, Argentine economy had been agriculture based, but in the recent years, service and industrial sectors have grown in importance (Paolera & Taylor 88). Prior to the 1880s, the country relied on the salted meat, leather, hide, and wool industries for the larger component of its foreign trade and the generation of local income and earnings. Over the years, the country has experienced economic expansion in the various sectors. Argentina is among the international principal producers of agricultural commodities. The country is amongst the top producers and exporters of fruits and vegetables, maize, soybeans, honey, wheat and sorghum among others. In 2010, the agriculture sector accounted for 9 percent of the Gross Domestic Product (Paolera & Taylor 90). The manufacturing sector of the economy accounts for 19 percent of the country’s economy. The manufacturing and agriculture sectors of the economy are well integrated; more than half of the country’s industrial exports are agricultural in nature. ... 0, the country experienced persistent economic crises, relentless current account and fiscal deficits, high inflation rates, escalating external debt, and capital outflows. A severe economic depression, escalating external and public indebtedness, and bank run culminated in 2001 were the most serious social, political and economic crisis in the Argentina turbulent history. In December 2001, interim President Adolfo Rodriguez SAA declared a default on the government’s external debt, which was the biggest in history. President Rodriguez resigned a few days after taking office (Baer & Fleisher 8).3 In early 2002, Rodriguez’s successor, Eduardo Duhalde, declared an end to the peso’s 10 years long 1-to-1 peg to the U.S. dollar. During this year, there was deterioration of the economy with real GDP being 18 percent lower compared to that of 1998 and almost 60 percent of the Argentines were living under the poverty line. After six years, the economy started to grow with an average real GDP annual growth rate of 8.5 percent. The economy took advantage of previously inactive labor and industrial capacity, a bold debt restructuring and diminished debt burden, excellent global financial conditions, and expansionary fiscal and monetary policies. Also, the economy experienced high rates of inflation (Baer & Fleisher 10).3 However, in early 2007, President Nestor Kirchner’s administration responded to the inflation through price restraints on businesses and export taxes and controls. In late 2007, Cristina Kirchner succeeded her husband as President, and the rapid growth of the economy of previous years started to slow down sharply in 2008. This was as a result of government policies, which reduced exports and the global economy fell into recession. The economy has recovered

300 word essay on internet source Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

300 word on internet source - Essay Example Clotilda was instrumental in the conversion of Clovis to Christianity. Clovis prior to his marriage was a pagan ruler who believed in idol worship. Soon after his marriage, Clotilda wanted to him to convert to Christianity. She tried to do so by baptizing their first child, Ingomer, who died soon after being baptized, leaving Clovis unconvinced. And yet, when Clovis’ army seemed to lose in the battle against Alamanni, Clovis prayed to Jesus hoping he would be aided by the son of God as he had already been deserted by his pagan ones. In the passage what is apparent is that Gregory presents his work from the point of view of a Christian but with a leaning towards secularism. There seem to be gaps in the narrative; for example, why did the people welcome their conversion to Christianity from paganism, so easily, when Clovis himself was uncertain of their reactions? Modern day historians approach history from not just the manuscripts and fables passed down for generations and the academic and political scenario but take into account social norms and cultural environment when researching a period in history. Gregory in his time has written this work to convince people of the virtues of Christianity and writes about some of the miracles performed by saints like Remi, the bishop of Rheims. However, he also does mention how difficult it was for Clovis to let go of his faith and convert to Christianity and the fear of his acceptance by his

Professional Development and Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Professional Development and Research - Essay Example There is the need to incorporate organizations into research because individually; it is harder to pursue more complex research (Zuber-Skerritt, 1992). It is crucial to have such organizations incorporated into learning institutions because; there is a chance of increasing effectiveness from all quarters. This paper will examine articles that look into the growing career path taken by many, and how it is impacting school cultures. Article by Zuber-Skerritt, Ortrun on Professional development in higher education: A theoretical framework for action research. In this article, the biographer believes that by incorporating educational research and teaching in higher learning institutions, action research has a chance at giving professional development a theoretical framework. This means that different assumptions and theories about learning may be provided from the well-known paradigms of learning, considered by many, traditional. Action research involves the enquiry into different subjec ts, providing the results to the public, and actively participating in problem solving in many fields. The basics for the theoretical framework are provided in this article. It provides the foundation from which action research can build an institution, and help it address most of the issues it faces. Professional development is crucial in the growth and development of an institution. Professionals are likely to find out the best possible areas that need addressing. They can, therefore, provide theories, strategies and methods that build on this framework. Advocating for an action research model may assist education personnel develop an attitude toward problem-solving. Article by Darling-Hammond, Linda on Professional development schools: Schools for developing a profession. A description of recent trends affecting schools is found in this article. The acquisition of knowledge among schools is paid attention to by the author in the article. Schools are keen on getting this knowledge , and sharing it among institutions in their circle. They have one common characteristic; they depend on the collaboration between research practitioners to feed them this knowledge. The structure, function and philosophy that guide the professional development school are covered in the article. Such trends affect the learning environment positively. Research conducted in the same area or locality may provide an avenue for all the education facilitators. This is through sharing ideas about the development and growth of the learning environment. Eventually, this works in pushing for education reforms. The evaluation of professional development is expanding so as to allow for student achievement. This goes a long in promoting the education sector, and not just some its divisions. Training, implementation, and transfer to teacher’s repertoire (adapted from Joyce & Showers, 1995). In this article, cartain theories are presented to the audience. One, if a concept in an area of lea rning is introduced; there is the probability that a high number of people may understand its introduction. This goes for its modelling in the same capacity. However, in both cases, it is next to impossible for the learner to apply most of the skills they gain from such concepts. They tend to grasp little skills from the concepts from theoretical work. In other cases, it is possible for practice and coaching to achieve different results. Those