Cajun Food in South Korea Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cajun Food in South Korea - Essay Example Target country for this case is South Korea. South Korean people are very much attracted towards the sea food items. That is why the country is an automatic choice for this business expansion. Food habits of South Korean people are significantly suitable and at par with the Cajun Food item. High level of seafood affinity from Korean people has made this place absolutely suitable for the particular food item. Availability of seafood items has made Korean peninsula an attractive destination for Cajun Foods. The aim of the project is to expand the idea of Kajun food into the market of South Korea by removing its competitor â€Å"The Boiling Crab and Cajun Restaurant Pier 17†. Another way it can deal with it is to start a joint venture with its competitor. Kajun has the motive to explain & elaborate the present trend in the ROI market. The food under consideration originated from the deepest part of Louisiana and Mississippi. The flavors of the food consist of an amalgamation of sea foods with spices. The availability of sea food is ensured by the bordering Japan Sea and Yellow Sea. Sea food always forms a major item of the people living in the boundaries of Eastern Asia. The study confers to expansion into the markets of South Korea. The brand name of this company is Cajun. This brand overcomes the cultural barriers. It gives a youthful perception and tries to increase the frequency of the purchase. This brand delivers a common message to all of its customers. Kajun aims to offer a new taste to the western world with the slogan that the south has risen following Kajun’s lifestyle. The packaging can be done in tinned containers for export purpose. Such packaging system will keep the food fresh. The customers can buy frozen fresh Cajun food. For instant serving the food can be served on platters. The mission of the company is provide best quality food to the customers and so it is advised to make the packaging

Andrew Jackson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Andrew Jackson - Essay Example During his presidency, he familiarized the spoils structure to the state government, assigning persons to positions grounded on the political backing. This made support on the government level prevail on the nationwide level. In addition, he used the executive influence of rejection expansively. In his term, he rejected extra bills compared to all the preceding presidents combined, and he was the first president to use the pocket rejection (Wilson, Dilulio and Bose 367). He used his position in the party to augment his supremacy and the primacy of the presidency. In his era, Jackson did not familiarize with numerous new policies, but he removed the ones he loathed. He removed some policies when the electorate size was growing quickly, and other states were joining the union. Jackson and his counterparts in White House walked the political phase when unpleasant sectional battles over slavery and profitable policies were starting to separate the country. Because of this, he attempted t o return to the agrarian easiness of Jefferson’s time, but he was stopped by the influential civic government. He is also remembered by the party he prepared in the White House that was attended by anybody in the populace to sign him as a tribune of the people. In the history of American Presidents, Andrew Jackson marks some remarkable transition on the power of a president. He is well known for his unprecedented use of presidential power in his era, and he is the foundation of the modern president.

Body Image And Stoma Health And Social Care Essay

Body Image And Stoma Health And Social Care Essay INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer has its mortality rate of around 655,000 a year throughout the world (World Health Organization, 2006); this is seen to be the third leading cancer cause death in western world and in united states colorectal cancer is fourth common in all cancer types causing disease (National Cancer Institute. 2009), around 35,000 morbidity rate causing common solid organ malignancy in United Kingdom (Hall Nigel, 2007). Colorectal cancer is commonly called as bowel cancer or colon cancer. This essay mainly focuses on the pathophysiology of colorectal cancer, its psychological and sociological responses. Here the pathophysiological part gives a clear idea of the clinical signs and symptoms, pathology and medical management of the disease, the main psychological part deals with the body image of the patient who lives with stoma. The result of final medical and surgical management of colorectal cancer is an opening in the abdominal surface, done as a life saving measure. So the opening may be a colostomy or ileostomy where a bag is given to collect the body waste from the intestine usually stools. Then the sociological aspect of the patients body image and living with stoma is been understood. COLORECTAL CANCER Colorectal cancer can be defined as the cancerous stage of colon and rectum. These cancerous cells are seen as malignant tumours in the inner wall of the large intestine (Medicinenet.com, 1998). Clinical features and Diagnoses: The clinical features of the disease can be, rectal bleeding, diarrhoea, right side abdominal lump and sometimes in rectum, weight loss, abdominal pain, patient being anaemic due to bleeding, bowel obstruction, sickness due to constipation and bloating (Cancer Research UK, 2010). The most common are the gastrointestinal symptoms; these are seen in the pathological absence and even theres similarity at the time of malignancy and benign tumour. Recent research study at Portsmouth has found that this symptom is first recommendation for confirming colorectal cancer and is considered to be the consistent pointers of malignant colorectal (Hall Nigel, 2007). When the tumour size increases bowel lumen is likely narrowed causing obstructive symptoms. At this time the patient experiences loosening of the stool instead of constipation, the other problems arising from determined bowel habit changes should be examined carefully with proper investigation. Whereas the distal tumours shows bowel habit alterations leading to the solid state of stool consistency, this distal tumour symptom is more possible than proximal tumours. Since the proximal tumours shows its symptomatic outcomes only after complete obstruction. Tenesmus or an incomplete evacuation feeling is the cancerous mass effect in the rectum (Hall Nigel, 2007). The most disturbing symptom is rectal bleeding (Hall Nigel, 2007). This bleeding looks bright blooded same like haemorrhoids if the tumour is in the low rectum and bleeding in case of left sided tumours its in dark redden colour and stools with blood is seen. There are some uncommon symptoms like pain, weight loss and anorexia unless or not extensive metastatic disease or else the disease reaching its malignancy to bone and/or nerves. If the patient is obstructed with abscess formation the immediate requirement is surgical emergence (Hall Nigel, 2007). Patients by these symptoms indicate that the colorectal pathology must go through abdominal examination, rectal examination and a rigid sigmoidoscopy at proper diagnostic centres. General examination might expose the signs of anaemia. Most of the colorectal cancers due to its mass is palpable and helps the examiner to give something the once-over. Colorectal cancer investigation has its most important findings from sigmoidoscopy (Hall Nigel, 2007). Pathophysiology: The most basic stages of colorectal tumour genesis start with the normal mucosa, with a widespread condition of cell replication, then with the clustered appearance of enlarged crypts. These abnormalities of aberrant crypts or the enlarged crypts are very proliferative, biochemical and bio-molecular (Ponz de Leon, M. Di Gregorio, C. 2001). The most part of colorectal malignancies are been developed from adenomatous polyps. These are said to be the well-defined epithelial dysplasia masses with the uncontrolled crypt cell division. When the neoplastic cells are passing through the muscularis mucosae and submucosal infiltrate it is been considered as malignant adenoma (Ponz de Leon, M. Di Gregorio, C. 2001). The more used confusing definitions like carcinoma in situ or intramucosal carcinoma should be abandoned (Ponz de Leon, M. Di Gregorio, C. 2001). Even though numerous lines of suggestion specify that carcinomas typically initiate from pre-existing adenomas, this doesnt indicate that all tumours go through malignant variations, and doesnt eliminate de novo carcinogenesis. Above and beyond of adenomas, there are several other polypoid lesions, they are hyperplastic polyps which shows the elongated crypts frequently by cystic dilatation, serrated adenomas seen as serrated glandular pattern, flat adenomas are usually flat lesions and makes the investigation process difficult when using routine lower endoscopy so it can even be a malignancy, hamartomatous polyps is in the pattern of smooth muscle branching supports lamina propria and glands and next one is inflammatory polyps (Ponz de Leon, M. Di Gregorio, C. 2001). Now in the western society colorectal carcinomas is seen to be the most frequent condition. When seeing the macroscopic appearance its the lesions as polypoid vegetating mass and even sometimes as a flat infiltrating lesion. About 96% of tumours remain as adenocarcinomas and in quite few cases shows mucinous component. There are even some very rare malignant cases in large bowel like signet ring cell carcinoma, squamous carcinoma, undifferentiated neoplasms and medullary type adenocarcinoma which is seen to be solid carcinoma having very less cellular pleomorphism or slight glandular differentiation. The three grades of colorectal carcinoma are well differentiated lesions, moderately differentiated lesions and poorly differentiated lesions. These grading usually helps in evaluating the disease prognosis from the patient even considered being as little evidence (Ponz de Leon, M. Di Gregorio, C. 2001). By the end of this pathophysiological section of colorectal cancer it is clear that the disease covers widespread premalignant and malignant lesions, in which most of the lesions are being removed at the time of endoscopy. By interfering at the numerous stages of a carcinogenesis it is possible to prevent the neoplasmic stage of colorectal. The stages after carcinogenesis begins are uncontrolled epithelial cell replication, the adenomas are formed in various sizes and finally progresses into malignancy (Ponz de Leon, M. Di Gregorio, C. 2001). Medical management: During the last decade we have seen dramatic variations in managing colorectal cancer. The most noticeable changes in case of colorectal cancer are like, very precise pre-operative assessment, extensive use multimodality treatments and this includes neo-adjuvant therapy, theres even changes in procedures through minimal invasive and a very good prognosis in rectal cancer surgery (Cunningham C and Lindsey I, 2007). So this section of medical management speaks about the various management of colorectal cancer. The sufficient management of cancer rising inside the polyps is colonoscopic polypectomy. Now there are lots of advancements in kind of colonoscopic polypectomy treatment like endoscopic mucosal resection. This advanced colonoscopic polypectomy techniques has its goal to recover tumour clearance and decrease the occurrence of colonic meticulous pathological assessment (Cunningham C and Lindsey I, 2007). Later this help in defining the importance in the involvement of lymph node and adequacy of local excision. The former condition is conducted by Haggitts staging of malignant-polyps Kikuchis-levels of sub-mucosal invasion in sessile lesions. Now the possibility of lymph node involvement is been easily estimated, because of the classifications it helps in preventing some great loss like avoiding the necessity of prescribed resectional surgery. This is also depending on some aspects like age of the patient, fitness and personal choice. In the remaining histo-pathological factors are fa vouring formal resection over the local excision which includes poor tumour differentiation, invasion of lymph and vessels and resection margin involvement (Cunningham C and Lindsey I, 2007). Radiotherapy is usually not as much of effective as preoperative treatment (Cunningham C and Lindsey I, 2003). Also, it is accompanying injurious effects on the functioning of the neo-rectum and destruction to small-bowel confined in the pelvis as an effect of surgical-adhesions. This is used at the event when circumferential margin seen to involve in pathological specimen and if the prior treatment was not given. So this will be signifying the failure of surgical excision (Cunningham C and Lindsey I, 2003). Since the last two decades, more advancement in the chemotherapy for treating colorectal cancer has been achieved (Lawes D and Taylor I, 2005). These advancements have made the treatment as optimal by systemic chemotherapy for the colorectal cancer over last decades. The average life of a patient has been gradually increased. This systematic chemotherapy progressively increased the survivalist from six months (normally without treatment) to reach more than twenty months when given the combinations of 5-FU/FA, irinotecan, oxaliplatin or monoclonal antibodies. Adjuvant therapy by means of 5-FU established routines outcomes in an enhanced 5 year continued existence in stage III disease from 51 to 64%, by other modest aids for those with stage II disease (Lawes D and Taylor I, 2005). Body image and stoma bag The result of final medical and surgical management of colorectal cancer is an opening in the abdominal surface, done as a life saving measure. So the opening may be a colostomy or ileostomy where a bag is given to collect the body waste from the intestine usually stools. Here comes the concept of body image, this is a concept being used in various fields which includes psychology, medicine, psychiatry, psychoanalysis, philosophy, cultural and feminist studies (Cash S Brown T A, 1987). More often this concept is carried by public media. Other than these fields and media the term does not have an approved definition (Cash S Brown T A, 1987). Basically in psychology it can be said that the belief and perception of an individual body being intended along with the emotional attitude (Cash S Brown T A, 1987). About one quarter of stoma patients know how clinically important psychological symptoms post-operatively (White C.A Hunt JC, 1997). Those who involved in the care of stoma patients are usually not detecting the psychological disorders. Psychological morbidity after the surgery is resulted from the unawareness of the condition which includes the past psychiatric history, dis-satisfaction with pre-operative preparation for surgery, post-operative physical symptoms and the negative thoughts and beliefs related to stoma and the condition of being a patient (White C.A Hunt JC, 1997). So normally surgeons are the important healthcare professionals dealing with the patient who needs to take the responsibility to collect patient information and let them know the process before and after surgery (White C.A Hunt JC, 1997). Various forms, questionnaires and surveys should be introduced for the screening purpose, where the other healthcare professionals and Para-medicals could take the in-charge of detecting the possibilities of psychological morbidities. This can even develop with applying effort in liaising with the mental health services. The authors future research will be done on the prospective using valid measurements psychologically and to be focussed on the morbidity by predicting, preventing, detecting and treating the psychological upset after the surgery of stoma (White C.A Hunt JC, 1997). PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIALOGICAL ASPECTS OF COLORECTAL CANCER In a recent survey on the colorectal cancer patients, they have found that the patients have a good quality of life after the treatment (Medical News Today, 2011). This is because the patients has followed the medical management with some physical restrictions but the survey also shows there are sufferers from this condition post operatively. They are mostly dealing with the emotional and social living where the life of the patient is seriously affected even after many years (Medical News Today, 2011). Even though the disease is a common one, only a few details are known about post-operative and the quality of life they lead (Medical News Today, 2011). The survey dealt with approximately 300 patients who received treatment for colorectal cancer. But after many years of investigation they diagnosed that the patients are having lots of suffering due to the disease. The reason behind suffering is not with the physical problems but the fact is very serious about the problems facing psychologically. Patients are struggling due to the psychological causes. Dr. Volker Arndt and his colleagues of the Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research of the German Cancer Research Centre (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ), the Saarland Cancer Register and the Department of Epidemiology of Ulm University did this research and found that the patients are suffering from mental strains (Medical News Today, 2011). The patients are also having secondary diseases and these were studied from the sufferers who are relatively young age (Medical News Today, 2011). Throughout the world for one year there are about one million new cases being recorded. So this takes the colorectal cancer as the most common form of cancer among other types of tumours. For the past decade there is consistent and significant prognosis as most of the cases are been detected at the early stages. Long-term researches concerning colorectal cancer patients frequently deal with repetition of tumours and/or survival rates, whereas the long term wellbeing and eminence of life of patients once completion of therapy has been of slight systematic attention to date (Medical News Today, 2011). Arndt et al. has diagnosed after many years that the colorectal cancer patients quality of life is been restricted due to the emotional and social problems they face (Medical News Today, 2011). Other than this the colorectal cancer patients is suffering from a list of problems like respiratory distress, sleeping dis-orders, listlessness, problems in bowel and most important is financial worries. When seeing the quality of life of these patients even after three years of treatment, the improvement was modest and mostly they were restricted by the financial problems and/or living an adjustable life with stoma (Medical News Today, 2011). The persistent depression of the patient was continued for a long period. The researchers concluded that these sufferings and problems have its impact mainly due to the age and there is lots of influence in age factor on the psychological resistance. Thats the reason behind young patients are predominantly affected by the mental illness. Therefore, the younger patients are more affected by the disease compared to the older patients. This is even more threatening and having health deficits to the younger ones than the older sufferers. But still the older patients have to come up with the physical problems (Medical News Today, 2011). A literature review clearly states that the depression state is not only to the patients but the depression is seen in the life of spouses (Goldzweig. G et al. 2009). However the communication and distress issues and sufferings between the patients and spouses are still being understudied (Goldzweig. G et al. 2009). Accommodating the primacy of gender, attention should be given to whether the demand-withdrawal pattern in female cancer patients and their spouses is similar to the demands and emotional needs of both male cancer patients and male caregivers (Goldzweig. G et al. 2009). Price (1990) developed a method for taking care of patients with altered body image (Price B, 1990). He recommended that the nurses who are dealing with the patients with body image problem should use the principles of body components. He states that the body should be viewed as three components, body reality, body ideal and body presentation (Price B, 1990). CONCLUSION As summarizing the colorectal cancer patients body image and living stoma, the issues primarily dealing with loss of energy, loss of control, isolation, feeling dirty, sexual dysfunction, fertility and the female patients face pregnancy and menopause. As Price Bob recommended the social workers, health care workers and even the relations or care takers of the colorectal cancer patients should know well about the body components principles and do the rehabilitation. The basic problem of the disease deals with the medical management, if the patient in the later stage suffering from psychological issues he must be under critical care under psychologist. Most of the health professionals believe that the patient suffering from stoma is their concern but the thought should be changed and particularly stoma care nurses should be thinking wisely in helping the psychological issues faced by the colorectal cancer patients.

Wideman Vs. Limerick Essay example -- essays research papers

John Edgar Wideman’s â€Å"Our Time†, and Patricia Nelson Limerick’s â€Å"Empire of Innocence†, are two very different stories about one particular theme. In these selections both authors are writing history. Wideman is writing the history of his brother’s life, and Limerick is writing the history of the old west. Although the theme is the same, the two authors’ styles, methods, and writing concerns differ greatly.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the following passage from â€Å"Our Time†, John is visiting his brother, Robby, in prison. While listening to Robby’s story, John begins to question the type of book this project will become: The business of making a book together was new for both of us. Difficult. Awkward. Another book could be constructed about a writer who goes to a prison to interview his bother but comes away with his own story†¦.the inevitible conflict between his role as detached observer and his responsibility as a brother would be at the center of such a book. When I stopped hearing Robby and listened to myself listening, that kind of book shouldered its way into my consciousness. I didn’t like that feeling. That book compromised the intimacy I wanted to achieve with my brother. (Wideman p. 723) This passage stresses the concern Wideman expresses on how to make this book the type of book he wants to present. Later in the selection the answer to this problem appears.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Still listening to Robby’s story, John discovers their recollections of th...

Motifs in Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray Essay

â€Å"If this girl can give soul to those who have lived without one, if she can create the sense of beauty in people whose lives have been sordid and ugly, if she can strip them of their selfishness and lend them tears for sorrows that are not their own, she is worthy of all your adoration, worthy of the adoration of the world† (59). Sibyl has inner beauty and Basil realizes that, but Lord Henry and Dorian only see the physical or symbolic beauty of her form. This is contrary to the reoccurring idea that beauty is only skin deep like Dorian for example he is beautiful on the outside but horrible on the inside. For the wonderful beauty that had so fascinated Basil Hallward, and many other besides him, seemed never to leave him. Even those who had heard the most evil thing against him, and from time to time strange rumours about his mode of life crept through London and became the chatter of the clubs, could not believe anything to his dishonour when they saw him† (93). Shows how society judges people by their looks. They project the desirable traits that they believe they should have, but in reality they’re the same as other people. Even though his reputation is being questioned when people see him all they see is his beauty. â€Å"He grew more and more enamored of his own beauty, more and more interested in the corruption of his own soul† (93). Morbid fascination with the portrait. Its so horrifying but he can not look away. â€Å"I have got through all that,† said Dorian, shaking his head, and smiling. â€Å"I am perfectly happy now. I know what conscience is, to begin with. It is not what you told me it was. It is the divinest thing in us. Don’t sneer at it, Harry, any more — at least, not before me. I want to be good. I can’t bear the idea of my soul being hideous. † (142). Dorian is still completely obsessed with his looks so in an attempt to purge himself he â€Å"spared an innocent thing† but because he did it because he did not want to look old and horrible it was still a selfish act. He was trying to convince himself that the death of Alan Campbell was not his fault. Conscience/Soul: â€Å"Conscience makes egotists of us all† (75). Dorian’s conscience was his portrait it showed him all the sins he committed throughout is life. It made him obsessed about his looks. The more you think of all the things you do the more you forget about the people around you. â€Å"His unreal and selfish love would yield to some higher influence, would be transformed into some nobler passion, and the portrait that Basil Hallward had painted of him would be a guide to him through life, would be to him what holiness is to some, and conscience to others, and the fear of God to us all. There were opiates for remorse, drugs that could lull the moral sense to sleep. But here was a visible symbol of the degradation of sin. Here was an ever-present sign of the ruin men brought upon their souls. † Portrait was like a mirror of his soul, his true self. The portrait would always be the one thing that would constantly remind him of all his sins in life, while opium could help him forget the things that were haunting his mind the portrait was a constant reminder of everything he did wrong. â€Å"Choice is taken from them, and conscience is either killed, or, if it lives at all lives but to give rebellion its fascination, and disobedience its charm† (139). The pursuit for pleasure is encoded in our DNA its a natural thing that we must cope with, but most times people can’t control their impulses and give in, and instead of their conscience helping them to fight the urge it is the one that pushes you to succumb to it. â€Å"The soul is a terrible reality. It can be bought, and sold, and bartered away. It can be poisoned, or made perfect. There is a soul in each one of us. I know it† (158). Dorian’s soul was corrupted after the influence of Lord Henry, and he sold it to stay young forever. A soul means nothing to Dorian he does not even believe in it anymore. â€Å"He looked round, and saw the knife that had stabbed Basil Hallward†¦. As it killed the painter, so it would kill the painter’s work, and all that that meant† (164). When Dorian stabbed the painting it was similar to when he stabbed Basil. In the beginning Basil said he put his soul into the painting, then after that it became Dorian’s soul. They were linked, he could not destroy the painting without destroying himself. Influence: He was conscious and the thought brought a gleam of pleasure into his brown agate eyes that it was through certain words of his, musical words said with musical utterance, that Dorian Gray’s soul had turned to this white girl and bowed in worship before her. To a large extent the lad was his own creation† (42). This is where Dorian starts his descent into a sinful life. Lord Henry influenced him into falling in love with â€Å"poetry† or art. The only reason he fell â€Å"in love† with Sibyl was because he saw her as living art, her passion for acting fueled his passion for her. â€Å"If one doesn’t talk about a thing, it has never happened† (79). A saying by Lord Henry, denying that something happened helps you get over it faster so you have no sorrowful feelings, you just push it out of your mind or seek pleasure to distract yourself. â€Å"A strange sense of loss came over him. He felt that Dorian Gray would never again be to him all that he had been in the past. Life had come between them.. † (58). Lord Henry’s influence ruined the pureness of Dorian. He now embraced hedonism which corrupted him and made him vain and hateful. â€Å"A man who is master of himself can end a sorrow as easily as he can invent a pleasure. I don’t want to be at the mercy of my emotions. I want to use them, to enjoy them, and to dominate them† (79). Lord Henry said something similar when Sibyl died. Its goes against the ideology of Hedonism to be sad or regretful because you are supposed to be in pursuit of happiness. â€Å"The mere fact of having publish a book of second-rate sonnets makes a man quite irresistible. He lives the poetry that he cannot write. The others write the poetry that they dare not realize† (41). This shows the relationship between Lord Henry and Dorian. Lord Henry influenced someone with the idea of Hedonism, while he himself did not completely indulge himself in that lifestyle. While Dorian is pursuing every pleasure that he can find. In a way Lord Henry is living through Dorian. Hedonism: â€Å"There was an exquisite poison in the air. I had the passion for sensations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Well, one evening about seven o’clock, I determined to go out in search of some adventure. I felt that this grey, monstrous London of ours, with its myriads of people, it sordid sinners, and its splendid sins, as you once phrased it, must have something in store for me† (35). Dorian now feels the need to satisfy his hedonistic craving. He realizes the world is not pure or innocent anymore and that there is many ways to sin and indulge himself. Pleasure is the only thing worth having a theory about†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ But I am afraid I cannot claim my theory as my own. It belongs to Nature, not me. Pleasure is Nature’s test, her sign of approval. When we are happy we are always good, but when we are good we are not always happy† (56-57). Lord Henry believes that morality does not promote happiness, and we must experience pleasure because that is a huge part of life. If everyone pursued pleasure the world would be happier and more ideal. â€Å"Believe me, no civilized man ever regrets pleasure, and no uncivilized man ever knows what pleasure is† (57). Same idea, the world is better off with pleasure, it will make the world happier, although upper class receive the most pleasure because they can afford all the luxuries of life. While lower class people can only imagine what true pleasure is because they are to busy worrying about other things they don’t the time nor fund to indulge in the finer things. â€Å"Beautiful sins, like beautiful things, are the privilege of the rich† (57). Dorian lives this saying. He lavishes himself with the most luxurious items because he has the money to do so. Having fancy objects in life is purely for the aesthetic pleasure that we receive from them, and repeating the word beautiful emphasizes and glorifies the idea of pleasure. â€Å"Difference of object does not alter singleness of passion. It merely intensifies it. We can have in life but one great experience at best, and the secret of life is to reproduce that experience as often as possible† (145). Pleasure and passion are universal emotions that can be felt anywhere. Repeating that emotion can help you feel younger, it will take you back to all the other times you felt that way, its another way of reminiscing.

Critical Thinking: Strategies in Decision Making

Critical thinking is the mental process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating information to reach an answer or conclusion (Dictionary. com, n. d. ). Critical thinking has two basic components: a set of information and belief generating and processing skills, and the habit of using those skills to guide behavior. Other aspects of critical thinking include working out situations and dilemmas, answer questions, and settling issues that are essential to ones welfare and interests. Thinking happens in every situation in every aspect of life.â€Å"The best thinkers use their ability to think well in every dimension of their lives† (Paul & Elder, 2006). Critical Thinking Steps Critical thinking is used in all dimensions of life whether in personal situations or work related situations. Most of the time in personal issues people are more apt to make decisions that will benefit them more in the end. In work related issues, people tend to make decisions that will benefit the majority of everyone involved. Critical thinking is vital in the decision-making process when coming up with new ideas and finding the different point of views.As a critical thinker, there are a few steps while thinking. First, is to raise important questions and issues. Second, is the assembly and evaluation of significant information. Third, is coming up with well thought out answers, analyzing the answers with different outcomes and scenarios. Lastly, a critical thinker must keep an open mind and have the ability to consider all possible conclusions. If a problem arises, a critical thinker will have the ability to communicate well with others to gain a better perspective on the situation at hand. ? Personal ExperienceIn a personal situation where I had to use critical thinking was in regards to my divorce. I had to think about how I would be affected by the decision as well as how my children would be affected by my decision. I had to weigh out the pros and cons of staying married versus getting a divorce. Weighing out the custody was another decision I faced. I wanted what was best for my children, and these decisions were not easy. Discussing the options with my ex-husband and being able to make these decisions jointly made things easier for the both our children and us. Work Related ExperienceUsing critical thinking in work has proven beneficial. I worked for a company a few years ago where I held a position in customer care over the telephone. This position presented me with the opportunity to apply my critical thinking skills. When I first started with the company I was responsible for billing, but I decided to apply for a position in developing and maintaining the performance and payroll reporting for the lobby locations. I had an office, independence to complete my tasks without supervision, and had a prime shift – 8 to 5 Monday through Thursday and 7 to 4 on Friday.On the home front, I was able to put dinner on the table by 6 PM, did not bring work home, and was never on call. When the billing services ‘Subscriber Management Systems Specialist’, position was posted, I was very interested, but I had to weigh the benefits of both positions. I developed a table with pros and cons in order to assist with the decision. Based on the results I outlined, I chose to apply for the new position. It meant giving up some personal time with my husband – salary of course, means 40+ hours a week, but the challenge and growth opportunity outweighed the other factors.Had I not applied critical thinking, I would have gone with my gut, which told me to stay in the lobby where I was comfortable. Being able to put emotions aside allowed me to think clearly about a very important decision in my life. Critical thinking is important in decision-making. Some people develop thinking in a â€Å"weak sense† whereas others develop thinking in a â€Å"strong sense†. †Å"Critical thinkers strive to develop essential traits and characteristics of the mind† (Paul & Elder, 2006).I believe that critical thinkers do not allow emotions or bias to determine the outcome of the situation, but will have strong facts to support their position. I believe we all must strive to think at a higher level, and recognize our biases and rise above them to become effective critical thinkers. ? References Critical Thinking. (n. d. ). Dictionary. com's 21st Century Lexicon. Retrieved December 13, 2009, from Dictionary. com website: http://dictionary. reference. com/browse/critical thinking Paul, R. , & Elder, L. (2006). Critical thinking: Tools for taking charge of your learning and your life. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Ludicrous vs Ridiculous

Ludicrous vs Ridiculous Ludicrous vs Ridiculous Ludicrous vs Ridiculous By Maeve Maddox I read a celebrity quotation that asserted that a rumor being circulated about her was â€Å"ludicrously silly.† The statement struck me as ridiculous. Silly is a synonym for ludicrous; using one to intensify the other is overkill. In recent years, ludicrous has become celebrity-speak for plain old ridiculous. As a result, a subtle difference between the two is being lost. Rapper Christopher Bridges, known as Ludacris, told an MTV interviewer that he based his stage name on his â€Å"split personality,† which he described as being â€Å"ridiculous and ludicrous.† Bridges apparently perceives a difference between the words, (what that is, he doesn’t say), but other celebrities seem to have latched onto ludicrous as if it were merely a classier word than the more familiar ridiculous. For example, If being an attractive woman got you attention for directing, then the entire best director category would be comprised of models. To me, that is just the most ludicrous connection that you could make. Diablo Cody Actors will never be replaced. The thought that somehow a computer version of a character is going to be something people prefer to look at is a ludicrous idea. Peter Jackson Dictators are ludicrous characters, and, you know, in my career and in my life, Ive always enjoyed sort of inhabiting these ludicrous, larger-than-life characters that somehow exist in the real world. Sacha Baron Cohen The curtains would open and it would be just her standing in some ludicrous pose, like Aphrodite. Lesley-Anne Down It seems to me that in each of the above quotations, the speaker was reaching for ridiculous or perhaps a word with some other connotation that would be more appropriate in the context. Connotation: The signifying in addition; inclusion of something in the meaning of a word besides what it primarily denotes; implication. Ridiculous seems to me to be less judgmental than ludicrous. Something ridiculous provokes laughter because it is incongruous. For example, a man wearing a lampshade for a hat presents a ridiculous sight. Something ludicrous is both incongruous and contemptible. For example, a nineteen-year-old with the full use of his legs riding on the shoulders of his bodyguards while touring the Great Wall of China presents a ludicrous sight. Each of the following synonyms is a word for a dwelling: house, palace, shack, hut, hovel, mansion. They may be synonyms, but each conveys a different feeling to the reader or listener. English possesses numerous adjectives used to convey the meaning ludicrous, most of which are synonyms, but each of which carries some difference in connotation. Here are some: absurd asinine comical farcical foolish idiotic laughable preposterous risible Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Writing a Reference Letter (With Examples)The Letter "Z" Will Be Removed from the English AlphabetApostrophe with Plural Possessive Nouns

Outdoor-lifestyle retailer Essay Essays

Outdoor-lifestyle retailer Essay Essays Outdoor-lifestyle retailer Essay Essay Outdoor-lifestyle retailer Essay Essay Executive Summary BBQfun will be the taking outdoor-lifestyle retail merchant. catering to the turning demand for supplying new and renovated homes in the greater Brisbane country. The mixture offer of BBQs. out-of-door furniture and BBQ accoutrements will place BBQfun as best inclass for outdoor-lifestyle retailing. BBQfun will reinvent the manner people shop for outdoor-lifestyle merchandises. BBQfun will construct its repute on offering the fullest mixture of merchandises possible in our chosen Fieldss. integrating both local and imported goods with merchandises sold on easy to pull off long-run payment programs. Our after gross revenues service and 3 twelvemonth warrants will happen grip with a market dominated by low-quality. Situation Analysis BBQfun is close to come ining its 5th twelvemonth of operation. Te initial rollout of shops has been good received. and selling is now critical to its continued success and future profitableness. The shop offers wide-ranging outdoor-lifestyle points on easy to pull off payment footings and supplies a three twelvemonth warrant on every point sold. The basic market demand is for quality. stylish and alone outdoor-lifestyle points that caters to the house-proud demands of our market. Market Summary BBQfun possess good information about the market and knows a great trade about the common properties of our most prized and loyal clients. BBQfun will leverage this information to better understand who is served. their specific demands. and how BBQfun can break communicate with them. Market Demographics Accessibility. The frequenter can derive easy entree to the shop with minimum delay. Customer service. The frequenter will be impressed with the after gross revenues service and Guarantees. Competitive pricing. All products/services will be competitively priced comparative to comparable high-end outdoor-lifestyle lines. Above all. BBQfun believes that easy to entree shops with extended picks in our chosen Fieldss. that are sold on an easy to pull off payment program with a three twelvemonth warrant are the keys to our customer’s demands and wants. Market Tendencies The market tendency for outdoor-lifestyle shops is headed toward a more sophisticated and informed client. The outdoor-lifestyles frequenter today relative to yesterday is more sophisticated in a figure of different ways. Item quality. The penchant for high-quality points is increasing as clients are larning to appreciate the qualitative differences. Unique. Our frequenters appreciate the chance to include outdoor-lifestyles in their place that stand out from the mass produced and sold low quality points. Selection. Peoples are demanding a larger choice of picks. they are no longer accepting a limited offer in outdoor-lifestyles. The ground for this tendency is that within the last twosome of old ages at that place has been an detonation of media in the signifier of Television shows and magazines that have promoted alien and different outdoor-lifestyles. Our frequenters no longer necessitate to accept a limited figure of options. With more picks. frequenters have become more sophisticated. This tendency is intuitive as you can detect a more sophisticated frequenter in larger metropolis markets such as Sydney or Melbourne where there has been more picks available. BBQfun strongly believes that clients are more interested in scope of merchandises. after gross revenues service and easy to pull off payments than any other issues. These are the grounds that they will shop with us and go loyal frequenters. Technological developments with the broadband rollout across greater Brisbane and Australia is opening up important chances for cyberspace shopping and for supplying information for our clients about our merchandise scope. Market Growth In 2008. the National outdoor-lifestyle market reached $ 300 million dollars. Outdoor lifestyle gross revenues are estimated to turn by at least 6 % for the following few old ages. This growing can be attributed to several different factors. The greater disposable household income from the two income households. the greater handiness of low-cost and interesting quality imports with the high value of the Australian dollar and the selling by popular Television shows like ‘Homes Beautiful’ and ‘Better Outdoor-lifestyles’ . Economy Based on economic prognosiss. BBQfun assumes that involvement rates are remaining steady and so will hold no affect on disposable income. The same premise is made about employment degrees. where BBQfun assumes that unemployment degrees remain the same at 4. 7 % . Political From research carried out. BBQfun identified that the Government focal point and accent in future legislative way will be about ‘growing the economy’ and ‘population base which BBQfun sees as a positive for their concern theoretical account. There is besides a strong push for environmentally sound concern patterns in the legislative model. BBQfun. as concern runing in Australia. will stay by the jurisprudence in all its traffics and comply with all statute law that impacts on its concern activities. SWOT Analysis The undermentioned SWOT analysis captures the cardinal strengths and failings within the company. and describes the chances and menaces confronting BBQfun. Strengths Excellent staff who are extremely skilled and knowing about outdoor-lifestyles. Great retail infinite that is bright. functional and efficient for a commercial urban territory. High client trueness among repetition clients. Assortment offerings that exceed rivals offerings in quality. scope and handiness. Failings A limited selling budget to develop trade name consciousness due to the deficiency of critical mass and shop screen. The battle to continually fund the turning long term refund programs taken out by our clients. Opportunities A turning market in a high growing country with a important per centum of the mark market still non cognizant of BBQfun’s offer. Increasing gross revenues chances outside of our mark country – greater Brisbane. Menaces Competition from local mugwumps that can cut down monetary values as proprietor operators lower than our staff tally shops. Competition from National ironss traveling into the Brisbane market. A slack in the economic system cut downing customer’s disposable income spent on outdoor-lifestyles. Competition National Competition The Yard: has a limited choice but important deepness. All Australian made. No important selling or publicity. The monetary value point is high. but the quality of merchandises are rather good. Not in Brisbane. Largely in Sydney and Melbourne. BBQ’s R us: Broad scope of outdoor-lifestyle merchandises including bangles and trappingss. Tonss of inexpensive imports. Concentrating on established markets. Strong in the replacings section. Not in Brisbane. Largely in Melbourne and Adelaide. Outdoorz: Large operations of merely a few shops per metropolis. Mass markets out-of-door life styles at good value monetary values. No imported goods. Extensive advertisement. Low to medium quality. Not in Brisbane. Strong in the replacing section instead than new and refurbished homes. Strong in other capital metropoliss. Local Competition All mugwumps. These shops are owned by single proprietor operators. Ranges vary harmonizing to proprietor penchants. Very small imports. Largely retailing Australian manufactured goods. Jointly their mean item sale monetary value is $ 250. hold a market portion of 48 % . and are turning at approximately 8 % per twelvemonth. BBQfun do non see the rivals altering their selling scheme or merchandise offer in the foreseeable hereafter. Growth and Share Analysis New homes – growing in possible clients 10 % . Estimated Brisbane client Numberss in 2010 is 95. 000. Renovations – growing in possible clients 7 % . Estimated Brisbane client Numberss in 2010 is 35. 000. Replacement – growing in possible clients 5 % . Estimated Brisbane client Numberss in 2010 is 120. 000. Service Offer BBQfun has created a outdoor-lifestyles scope of retail merchandises that are differentiated and superior to rivals. Customers can see the quality of the merchandise as it is displayed in the shops. The following are features of the merchandise: 1. BBQfun’s recognition offer is backed by a top grade bank.2. Imported merchandises make up 33 % of the mixture.3. The 3 twelvemonth warrant is alone in the market topographic point.4. Broadest possible scope in chosen Fieldss. BBQfun’s prides itself on supplying service that is on par if non better than any of the local independent shops and far in surplus of the national ironss. BBQfun will guarantee that all facets that are involved in the bringing of satisfaction to the client will work utilizing an incorporate attack. At a Glance–The Prototype BBQfun Shop: Location: a commercial. suburban vicinity. or urban retail territory. Design: bright and functional. Size: 1. 000 to 1. 500 M2. Employees: 15 to 20 full clip plus casuals Types of minutess: 60 % hard currency. 40 % on long term refund program. Keies to SuccessLocation.BBQfun’s site choice standards are critical to success. Scott Bremmer. former spouse of an international concatenation. helped us place the undermentioned site choice standards: New brooding populations. Shopping patterns necessitating easy entree. Customer auto parking counts. Critical Issues BBQfun is still in the bad phase as a possible franchise construct or joint venture. Its critical issues are: Committed to gross revenues growing which allows for greater options in import mixtures and in decreased monetary value with volume bargains. This will advance our singularity and contribute to improved net income borders. Continue to finance the easy manage long term refund program for clients. Locate in easy entree sites near to the turning markets in new home development. Marketing Strategy BBQfun’s advertisement budget is set at $ 250. 000 for the twelvemonth. The advertisement plan will aim local letter-box beads. wireless and magazines. BBQfun’s will make direct mail and local advertisement. with voucher inserts in the BrisNews magazine probably to be the most successful of the runs. BBQfun will seek to acquire articles about BBQfun into the BrisNews magazine. Previous characteristics in the BrisNews magazine has seen a dramatic addition of gross revenues instantly after the article was published. Mission BBQfun’s mission is to supply clients with the most extended mixture of quality outdoor-lifestyle merchandises available in the market. Our after gross revenues service is 2nd to none supported by our easy to pull off long term refund programs which make unique. imported and high quality outdoor-lifestyle low-cost to all. BBQfun exist to pull and keep outdoor-lifestyle clients wishing to buy merchandises that give our clients pride in their places. Our services will transcend the outlooks of our clients. Marketing Aims 1. Increase gross revenues from $ 15million per twelvemonth to $ 20million per twelvemonth in the following three old ages 2. Increase our trueness clients list from 10. 000 to 16. 000. 3. Establish trade name acknowledgment in Brisbane so that at least 2 in 3 people recognise our trade name in a random study taken in 18 months clip. 3. 3 Fiscal Aims 1. A double-digit growing rate for each future twelvemonth.2. Reduce the overhead per shop through disciplined direction of disbursals.3. Continue increase our gross net income borders.Target SellingThe market can be segmented into three mark populations: New homes – by and large want to buy full suites. Typically shopped as twosomes. Price sensitive to a point but co-ordination is the highest precedence. Renovations – demand for high quality and different points. Unique and alien over rides monetary value concerns. Replacement – basic functional merchandises that replace and interrupt or have on point. Single shopper. Cheap monetary value required. The BBQfun clients are largely aged between 20 and 50. doing up 50 % of the new and renovated brooding market. Outdoor-lifestyle shops have been really successful in base entirely. extended auto park entree. shut to new lodging estates being established. These countries have households who have household disposable incomes of over $ 40. 000 per twelvemonth. Combining several cardinal demographic factors. BBQfun arrives at a profile of the primary client as follows: Sophisticated people who are house proud. Shoppers who will drive to an easy to entree shop. A clients who requires payment programs to distribute their committedness over an drawn-out period. Renovators and new place builders 20-50 twelvemonth oldsPositioning BBQfun will place itself as a wide mixture. quality. alone outdoor-lifestyle retail merchant. Brisbane consumers who appreciate high-quality and singularity will acknowledge the value and alone offerings of BBQfun. Patrons will be individual every bit good as households. ages 20-50. BBQfun’s placement will leverage their competitory border: Product. The merchandise will be broad runing. quality and unique. It offers the house proud client a different option from the inexpensive mass produced offer prevalent in the market Service. BBQfun offer the lone 3 old ages warrant in the market. Our easy play payment strategy is merely what our mortgage refunding clients welcome. Our experient staff can help with merchandise cognition 2nd to none in the industry. By offering a superior service in scope and singularity. BBQfun will stand out comparative to the competition and accomplish our aims. Scheme Pyramids The individual aim is to place BBQfun as the premier outdoor-lifestyles shop in the greater Brisbane country. commanding a bulk of the market portion within five old ages. The selling scheme will seek to first make client awareness sing their services offered. develop that client base. and work toward constructing client trueness and referrals. The message that BBQfun will seek to pass on is that BBQfun offers the widest. most alien. easy entree outdoor-lifestyle merchandises in Brisbane. This message will be communicated through a assortment of methods. The first will be direct mail. The direct mail run will be a manner to pass on straight with the consumer. BBQfun will besides utilize ads and inserts in Brizzy magazine. The last method for pass oning BBQfun’s message is through a grassroots PR run. This run will ask for people from Brizzy for tiffin to acquire articles written about BBQfun into the intelligence. Because of this degree of effectivity and low/zero cost. BBQfun will work hard to acquire imperativeness in the Brizzy. BBQfun besides believe that the local frequenters far prefer to have information from the shop via circulars in the letterbox. Marketing Mix BBQfun’s selling mix is comprised of these following attacks to pricing. distribution. advertisement and publicity. and client service. Pricing. While BBQfun will monetary value at comparable monetary values for comparable quality. it will non be inexpensive. We push value over inexpensive and back this up with a 3 twelvemonth warrant. Distribution. BBQfun merchandises will be distributed through a concatenation of retail shops which clients can entree easy via the big auto parking agreements. Ad and Promotion. The most successful advertisement will be ads and inserts in the Brizzy every bit good as a PR run of informational articles and reappraisals besides within the Brizzy. Promotions will take the signifier of in shop amusement and competitions with awards to alien abroad finishs. Customer Service. BBQfun’s doctrine is that whatever needs to be done to do the client happy must happen. this investing will pay off with a ferociously loyal client base who is highly vocal to their friends with referrals. Merchandise development It is envisaged that new merchandises will be developed on a regular footing in line with alterations in client gustatory sensation which is targeted at every 12 months. The program for merchandise testing is to prosecute market research houses. By acquiring feedback from these houses. alterations can be made or merchandises ‘canned’ so that merely tested and proved merchandises make it onto the shop assortment list. Marketing Research During the initial stages of the selling program development. several focal point groups were held to derive insight into a assortment of frequenters of outdoor-lifestyle shops. These focal point groups provided utile penetration into the determinations. and determination devising procedures. of consumers. An extra beginning of market research that is dynamic is a feedback mechanism based on a suggestion card system in shop. The last beginning of market research is competitory analysis/appreciation. BBQfun direction will continually see local outdoor-lifestyle shops for two grounds. The first is for competitory analysis. supplying BBQfun with timely information sing other store’s service offering. The 2nd ground is that local concern proprietors. are frequently portion of an informal fraternal organisation where they support each other’s concern. Financials. Budgets. and Forecasts This subdivision will offer a fiscal overview of BBQfun as it relates to the selling activities. BBQfun will turn to Break-even Analysis. gross revenues prognosiss. expense prognosiss. and how those link to the selling scheme. Break-even Analysis The Break-even Analysis indicates that $ 1. 1 million in gross revenues per twelvemonth will be needed to make the break-even point. Fixed costs are estimated at $ 150. 000. Variable costs are 40 % of gross revenues. therefore gross revenues of $ 1. 0 million will be sufficient to pay for the fixed and variable cost. Gross saless Forecast The first twelvemonth of the program will be used to acquire the coffeehouse up and running. By twelvemonth two things will acquire busier. Gross saless will bit by bit increase with profitableness being reached by the beginning of twelvemonth two. Gross net income is anticipated at 50 % . Ongoing gross revenues prediction will be to utilize the services of Cannon’s Consultants who will rede on all facets of the selling map that BBQfun will be engaged with. Cannons will besides be given entree to the selling cost informations so that they can sporadically analyze and formalize selling costs in line with industry benchmarks. They have ever been the preferable advisers because they are locally based unlike the national group of advisers. Brown A ; Holingsworth. based in Melbourne.

A Simulation Of Sustainability In Urban Environments Environmental Sciences Essay

( Parkin et al. 2003 ) Sustainability is frequently symbolised utilizing three over lapping circles ( fig 1 ) , stand foring the three facets of sustainability ( society, economic system and environment ) . However this simple diagram over simplifies the complex interactions which occur between the facets and the big figure of indexs which are used to mensurate our impact. Unless these complex interactions are clearly understood by all the stakeholders it would be impossible to to the full measure the sustainability of any development ( Foxon et al. 2002 ) . A figure of determination support tools have been created to help determination shapers in accomplishing sustainable urban developments. There has been immense attempt and resources put into making DSTs, yet despite this most are seldom used due to either the complexness of their operation or the complexness of their end product ( Isaacs et al. 2007 ) . It is hence believed that there is a demand for new determination support too ls that can cover with the complexness of urban design and which go beyond the proficient orientation of old tools ( Sahota A ; Jeffery 2005 ) to enable a robust appraisal of sustainability within the decision-making procedures. Visual image has been used to help determination devising in a figure of Fieldss including increasing the safety and effectivity of oil boring in the oil and gas industry ( Evans et al. 2002 ) , visualizing medical informations ( Fuchs et al. 1989 ) and battlefield simulations ( Hix et al. 1999 ) . Geographic Information systems are presently the most extensively used visual image platform for determination devising. â€Å" GIS is now a standard point in contrivers ‘ tool kits † ( Drummond A ; Gallic 2008 ) and there are many illustrations its usage in urban planning and determination devising over the last 20 old ages ( Harris A ; Elmes 1993 ; Stevens et Al. 2007 ; States 2000 ; Shiffer 1998 ; Lodha A ; Verma 2000 ) . Traditionally GIS provides the user with a synergistic information researching interface which allows them to cover a figure of different maps onto a 2D surface and allows the user to carry on complex geospatial analysis ( Salter et al. 2009 ) . However it has been shown ( Lowe 2004 ; Lowe 2003 ) that many non-expert stakeholders have great trouble in decoding and understanding scientific shows and maps. Due to its complexness and high acquisition curve GIS requires the user â€Å" to believe like a geographic information scientist † ( Clarke 2001 ) and is still considered to be a hard to utilize, adept tool ( Traynor A ; Williams 1995 ) . Its usage in determination devising has made it hard for non expert stakeholders, particularly the general populace, to take part to the full in be aftering determinations ( Salter et al. 2009 ; Al-Kodmany 2002 ) . Most GIS systems are purely 2D, covering with geospatial informations being draped over a map or other geographical representation. While experts can imagine the ocular impact of a proposed development from this program view it is really hard for person non trained in the usage of GIS to make this. This can take to non-expert stakeholder non to the full understanding the effects of the determinations being made and go forth them with an unintended positive or negative position of the planned development ( Danahy et al. 1999 ) . 3D representations nevertheless allow users to rapidly recognize the spacial context of the determination and besides to orientate their position of the proposed development ( Danahy et al. 1999 ) . Peoples develop the ability to voyage and visually process 3D representations of urban environments on a bomber witting degree throughout their lives as they walk through existent universe metropoliss ( Charters et al. 2002 ) . This sub witting ability means that t he user will non hold to work to visualize the development but can concentrate on the determination, and the effects of the determination, being made. SCITY VT S-City VT ( sustainable metropolis visual image tool ) is a paradigm determination support application that is designed to let a wider scope of stakeholders input into the sustainability planning procedure by leting the stakeholders to compare different scenarios utilizing a usage designed simulation and visual image engine. Figure 1: Visual image techniques used in S-City VT The visual image engine utilises a split screen rendering attack which allows the user, utilizing any of the techniques, to compare two scenarios side by side throughout the life rhythm of the development. A figure of visual image techniques have been used to expose the consequences of the implicit in simulation engine which allows the user to non merely compare the external visual aspect of the different scenarios but besides the comparative sustainability of each scenario. As already discussed traditional GIS does non supply a realistic physical representation of the metropolis or development being studied. CAD system do enable the creative activity of 3D theoretical accounts which provide the user with a realistic representation of the edifices and the developments ( Al-Kodmany 2002 ) , nevertheless CAD systems provide no ability to cover extra informations and supply small context out with the edifice or country being studied. The visual image engine combines GIS and 3D urban theoretical accounts and embeds the 3D theoretical accounts in the environing landscape to contextualise the urban country that is undergoing sustainability appraisal. The ability to visualize portion of the metropolis that is undergoing the development or regeneration within the wider metropolis context is likely to better battle with the communicating tool and convey a greater degree of engagement from all participants in the planning procedure ( Levy 1995 ) Fig 4: 3D representation of proposed development within the city-wide context. The usage engine allows the user to hold synergistic control enabling the user to see the proposed development from any imaginable point of view. This allows the user to go to the full immersed in the proposed development, to a much greater grade than 2D programs, GIS, or rendered 3D stills. As has already been shown ( Isaacs et al. 2010a ) S City VT provides the user with a feasible representation of the existent development. Design to Virtual Reality Blending Fig 5: Overview of the index blending technique The blending technique, as shown in figure 5, merely takes the all the sustainability steps for each index, calculated by the bomber system and ANP theoretical accounts, unite them into a individual value. This valued is so mapped to a individual coloring material graduated table. The coloring material graduated table used can be selected from a figure of color graduated tables known for their discriminating abilities ( Levkowitz A ; Herman 1992 ) these include the het object, magenta, local optimised, and spectral. Using the hot-cold graduated table demonstrated in figure 5 a edifice or floor with high comparative sustainability would look blue while a edifice with low sustainability would look ruddy. This method gives a individual index of sustainability and provides the easiest manner of comparing the comparative sustainability of different options or scenarios. Weaving Fig 6: Overview of the index weaving technique Whilst the blending technique, combines the index values, the weaving technique ( figure 6 ) efforts to continue some of the implicit in information so that the user can still place which indexs or bunch are doing the greatest consequence ( negative or positive ) on the sustainability of the edifice. The coloring material weaving technique ( Hagh-Shenas et al. 2007 ) uses a different coloring material graduated table for each index ( figure 6 ) to try to continue this information. The colors from each graduated table are so indiscriminately weaved into a hodgepodge like texture which is applied to each floor of the edifice. The size of the squares or spots in the weave can besides be changed depending on the user ‘s penchants. A little spot size will give an overall representation of the sustainability, with darker sunglassess stand foring low sustainability and lighter sunglassess stand foring higher sustainability. A larger spot size will let user to place rapidly which colou rs stand out the most, and hence which indexs are holding the greatest impact. Traditional Graphical Techniques Radar graphs, figure 7, let the stakeholder to compare the sustainability of different edifices based on the index values. The form, size, coloring material and point values will be different for each edifice leting a elaborate comparing. Fig7: Comparision of scenarios utilizing traditional radio detection and ranging graphs and coloring material weaving. Parallel coordinates allow the user to compare all index values for all the edifices in a scenario ( fihure 8 ) . Buildings can be selected and their hint in the graph is highlighted. The colors in the graph correspond to those in the blending technique. Fig 8: Parallel co-ordinate graph for sample development. Simple temporal graphs secret plan the all the index values over the life clip of the development. These allow the user to place the interconnectivity of the indexs and to place where and why sudden alterations occur ( figure 9 ) . Fig 9: Index graph demoing alterations in 6 indexs over clip. Real Time Simulation The index patterning involves developing bomber theoretical accounts that define how each of the indexs vary over infinite and clip. The S-City VT application is built utilizing a modular model supplying flexibleness and leting index theoretical accounts to be changed. For the paradigm application six sustainability index theoretical accounts ( credence, lodging proviso, energy efficiency, noise pollution, employment and economic benefit ) have been developed four of which are described below: Energy Efficiency The energy efficiency theoretical account is based on the Nation Calculation Method ( NCM ) which is the industry criterion leting energy efficiency of edifices to be determined ( BRE 2009 ) . The NCM method takes into history a broad scope of factors, including figure of room accesss, Windowss glazing type, exterior building, figure of floors etc, to bring forth a metric depicting the energy efficiency the edifice. A NCM study was developed utilizing the NCM tool, stand foring the typical edifices in the development for a figure of different options including external visual aspect and different mixes of edifice usage. Fig2: Graph demoing temporal alterations in sustainability index due monthly energy fluctuations. This information is input to the energy efficiency theoretical account and attenuated with the temporal energy ingestion informations ( BIS 2009 ) which reflects how the energy usage of the edifices change depending on the clip of twelvemonth. ( fig 2 ) shows how the sustainability index alterations as a map of clip for a 2 different constructing types with different utilizations ( glass, commercial and brick, residential ) . Noise Pollution The noise theoretical account calculates the degrees of traffic noise geting at each edifice and can besides cipher the proportion of people that will happen certain degrees of noise a nuisance. Datas about the jutting traffic flows for the waterfront development were sourced from Dundee metropolis councils Dundee Waterfront Traffic A ; Signing Report ( White Young Green 2007 ) . For each route in the proposed development a noise degree is calculated utilizing its projected hourly traffic flow. Using a map provided in CRT ( 1988 ) , ( equation 1 ) this traffic flow can be transformed into a noise degree which corresponds to how loud, in dBs ( dubnium ( A ) ) , the traffic noise is if the hearer were standing about 10 meters off from the route side. equation 1 A noise degree associated at each edifice based on the traffic volume is calculated based on the shortest distance ( vitamin D ) between the noise beginning ( route ) and the edifice utilizing Euclidean geometry. The sound degree emanating from each route is obtained by rectifying the basic noise degree utilizing equation 2. The equation besides includes the tallness ( H ) of the hearer which is changeless in these computations. ( CRTN 1988 ) equation 2 To find the entire noise degree received by the edifice the corrected noise from each route must be summed over n roads in the development ( equation 3 ) equation 3 Each edifice will now hold a noise degree value stand foring the entire degree of noise associated with that edifices location in relation to the roads and their projected traffic flows. Our sustainability step is achieved by normalizing the noise degree ( 0-100 graduated table as before ) and using a non additive map ( equation 4 ( Highways Agency 1994 ) ) , this calculates the per centum of people that will be bothered by a specific degree of noise. equation 4 Economic Benefit The economic theoretical account utilises a discounted hard currency flow computation to find the worth of a edifices current hard currency flow for a specific point in clip. The computation uses a price reduction rate which allows the hard currency flows to be discounted back to their present worth. equation 5 Where CF = hard currency flow for that twelvemonth. R = price reduction rate for that twelvemonth. t = the twelvemonth. In the equation the capital cost for the building of the first edifice is represented by CF0. Capital costs of subsequent edifices will be discounted to this point clip. e.g. the capital cost of a edifice built two old ages after the initial edifice would be discounted utilizing. Each edifice in the simulation has a site readying and building stage, during this clip the hard currency flow in for that period is taken every bit 0 as the edifice would non yet be sold or rented. The simulation is able to reflect the differences between hard currency flows for rented and sold edifices. Buildings which are sold will take a big income at the point of sale. As the edifice has been sold farther hard currency flows for this edifice will be 0. The price reduction factor will besides use to the sale income so for two edifices of tantamount value, a edifice sold in twelvemonth one will hold a higher present value than constructing sold in twelvemonth 10. As the edifice has been sold the upkeep and care of the edifice will be borne by the purchaser and so it non modelled here. Buildings which are rented will take a smaller income every twelvemonth. Rented edifices may hold a rent free period, to promote renters, and will hold a laic period between rentals, during these tim es the hard currency flow for that period will be 0. A price reduction factor is applied to the annual income to find its present value, once more based on the building twelvemonth of the first building.. Fig 3: PV for a individual edifice, built in twelvemonth 0, demoing differences between leased and sold income with different price reduction rates. The initial cost of the edifices are calculated utilizing the edifice type ( e.g. residential, commercial, retail, societal ) and the cost per square meter for that type of edifice. The income from sale or rent is similarly calculated utilizing the jutting income for that type of edifice. These values were sourced from the SET economic study on the waterfront development ( Buchanan 2006 ) . The maximal and minimal valleies are so mapped onto 0 100 and linearly interpolated. Credence Acceptance corresponds to the credence of possible edifice utilizations within the development. The masterplan for Dundee has been developed and it was possible through treatment with Dundee council to find the possible edifice utilizations which are under reappraisal and included commercial office infinite, retail units, cafe/bar/restaurant and residential infinite. The edifice usage study used a superior system where the participant was asked to rank possible edifice utilizations in order of penchant. If the participant had no penchant between the edifice uses at each rank the proportions chosen at each rank would be equal. To find if this is the instance Friedman trial was performed utilizing SPSS on the average rank of each edifice usage, with the void hypothesis being that the average ranks will be equal. Ranks Mean Rank Commercial 3.37 Retail 2.51 Leisure 1.54 Residential 2.58 Test Statistics a Sample Size 106 Chi-Square 107.264 df 3 Significance. .000 a. Friedman Test The consequences of the Friedman trial show that there is a important difference ( p lt ; 0.001 ) between how the users ranked the different edifice utilizations. Combined with post-hoc analysis of the consequences it is possible to pattern the acceptableness edifice uses in the undermentioned order ; Leisure ( highest ranked ) , Retail A ; Residential ( equal ranked ) and Commercial ( Lowest Ranked ) . To make a sustainability index for the acceptableness of each edifice these rankings are mapped onto a 0-100 graduated table, with Leisure at 100 ( highest sustainability ) , Retail A ; Residential at 50 and Commercial ( lowest sustainability ) at 0. MULTICRITERIA OPINION ANALYSIS One of the jobs with traditional sustainability appraisal is affecting the positions and experiences of a broad scope of stakeholders ( ( Isaacs et al. 2010b ) , . Many of the traditional methods of aggregating index values, such as Multi Attribute Utility Theory ( MAUT ) , lack transparence go forthing the users in a place where they do non to the full understand how the resulting weightings have been derived ( Dodgson et al. 2009 ; Paracchini et Al. 2008 ) . The Analytic Network Process ( ANP ) method uses synergistic web constructions which give a more holistic representation of the overall job ( Saaty 2006 ) . Components of the job are connected, as appropriate, in braces with directed lines imitating the influence of one constituent over another. The constituents in a web may besides be regarded as elements that interact and influence each other in respect to a specific property. ( Saaty 2006 ) . To execute a ANP analysis the determination shaper must place the web through analysis of the job to be solved. The determination shaper must place the bunchs, elements and the relationships and interactions between them ( Bottero et al. 2007 ) . Once the determination shaper has constructed the web to be analysed they must now make a supermatrix depicting the interactions defined in the theoretical account ( Gencer and Gurpinar 2007 ) . The supermatrix is created utilizing the cardinal graduated table and pair-wise method every interaction is described in footings of every component it interacts with ( Saaty 1999 ) . Once this has been completed the normalised eigenvector calculated from the matrix will give the determination shaper the normalised prioritised list of elements. ANP allows cross-cluster interactions every bit good as inter-relationships between elements.. It is structured of course and allows for a more realistic representation of the job, but its chief strength lies in supplying the user with the ability to include their ain personal cognition and sentiments about an interaction through the usage of pair-wise comparings ( Saaty 2006, ; Bottero et Al. 2007 ) . The prioritised list of elements which are derived from the ANP analysis are used in the 3D visual image to supply the user with a individual of sustainability index if required. Al-Kodmany, K. ( 2002 ) Visual image tools and methods in community planning: from freehand studies to practical world. Journal of be aftering Literature, 17 ( 2 ) , p. 189. Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //jpl.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/17/2/189. BIS ( 2009 ) Energy Consumption in the UK. Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //bis.ecgroup.net/Publications/EnergyClimateChangeDECC/EnergyStatistics.aspx. 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Drummond, W. A ; French, S. ( 2008 ) The Future of GIS in Planning: Converging Technologies and Diverging Interests. Journal of the American Planning Association, 74 ( 2 ) , pp. 161-174. Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.informaworld.com/openurl? genre=article A ; doi=10.1080/01944360801982146 A ; magic=crossref||D404A21C5BB053405B1A640AFFD44AE3. Evans, F. , Volz, W. , Dorn, G. , Frohlich, B. A ; Roberts, D.M. ( 2002 ) Future trends in oil and gas visual image. In VIS ’02: Proceedings of the conference on Visualization ’02. Washington, DC, USA: IEEE Computer Society, pp. 567-570. Foxon, T. , McIlkenny, G. , Gilmour, D. , Oltean-Dumbrava, C. , Souter, N. , Ashley, R. , Butler, D. , Pearson, P. , Jowitt, P. A ; Moir, J. ( 2002 ) Sustainability standards for determination support in the UK H2O industry. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 45 ( 2 ) , p. 285-301. 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Internet Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

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ICT Consolidation using Virtualization Technologies a Cost Effective Research Paper

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Mexican Drug Cartels as a Security Threat Essay

Mexican Drug Cartels as a Security Threat - Essay Example question that in recent years Mexican gangs and drug cartels have had a significant impact on the politics of Mexico through the use of political violence. According to Reuters (2010) it is the case that Gunmen working for a mayoral candidate for the PAN Party (Partido Accià ³n Nacional) in Valle Hermoso as the candidate frequently spoke out against drug abuse and the dangers of drug violence. On the other side of the political spectrum it was the case that in Nuevo Laredo in May 2010 hitmen employed by the drug cartels killed two campaigners who worked for a ‘Leftist’ political candidate and then spread printed messages warning all people of the dangers related to supporting that political candidate. According to Ellingwood (2010) the best estimate of the death toll resulting from the Mexican war on drugs is approximately 22,000. With a death toll this high there is little question that the consequences of this war on drugs are severe. It is upon this foundation that the Drug Cartels utilize not only assassination as a direct means of enforcing obedience (Insofar as they simply kill political candidates that oppose them. These drug cartels also go so far as to employ a kind of psychological warfare by using murder as a significant threat to common people for supporting candidates that are against the drug cartels ex. â€Å"Look what happened to those who supported this candidate†¦ this could happen to you!† The former and the latter both represent a kind of terrorism insofar as they are by no means isolated incidents and by completely disregarding non-combatants, and utilizing policies that instill fear into the populous they are indeed committing acts of terror. Moreover the effect is felt across the border in the United States. Much of the drug trade involves smuggling drugs across the border and any intervention from American police forces, drug enforcement agency (DEA) etc. is likely to be met

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